dibutyltin-dichloride-CAS-683-18-1-—-Safety-Data-Sheet CAS_NUMBER 683-18-1 (zh_CN)

dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1) — Safety Data Sheet

Safety data sheet documentation for dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1), compiled to REACH Annex II with classification read against the harmonised entry in CLP Annex VI (H341, H360FD, H330, H312). Two options: a working draft sent by e-mail immediately, or a signed card issued within 72 hours of complete input. The item supplied is a document — MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

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REACH 2020/878
v4 · 07.09.2026
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🧬 3D分子可视化器
正在加载分子...
3D模型Dibutyltin dichloride，CAS 683-18-1，分子式C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn, 摩尔质量 303.84 g/mol

数据转录自法规登记册和专业文献，并注明来源与版本。不能替代供应商的安全数据表。未记录来源的字段已作相应标注。

📊 物理化学数据 — CAS 683-18-1
📊 物理化学性质

快速参考

化学式： C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn
分子量： 303.84 g/mol
CAS号： 683-18-1
外观： 白色结晶固体
🔬 高级属性

化学标识符

SMILES: CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(Cl)Cl

最后更新： 2026-08-25

化学概述: Dibutyltin dichloride
分子式C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn[1]
分子量303.84 g/mol[1]
熔点43 °C[1][2]
沸点135 °C[1]
IUPAC名称dibutyl(dichloro)stannane[1]
SMILESCCCC[Sn](CCCC)(Cl)Cl[1]
InChIKeyRJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L[1]

同义词: DIBUTYLTIN DICHLORIDE · 683-18-1 · Dibutyldichlorostannane · Di-n-butyltin dichloride · Dibutyldichlorotin

数据来源： PubChem (NLM/NIH)
最后更新： 2026-08-25

📚 科学参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式） (2 来源)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ applies to: 分子式 · 分子量 · 熔点 · 沸点 · IUPAC名称 · SMILES · InChIKey
  2. NIST. Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69. National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗ applies to: 熔点

科学研究

[1]PubMed2022
Dibutyltin dichloride exposure affects mouse oocyte quality by inducing spindle defects and mitochondria dysfunction.
Lu Y, Tang H, Wang X et al.. (2022). "Dibutyltin dichloride exposure affects mouse oocyte quality by inducing spindle defects and mitochondria dysfunction.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.che
查看完整研究 ↗
[2]PubMed2020
Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Xu X, Yu H, Sun L et al.. (2020). "Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.". Molecular m
查看完整研究 ↗
[3]PubMed2020
Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat.
Lütt F, Ehlers L, Nizze H et al.. (2020). "Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat.". Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases inter
查看完整研究 ↗
[4]CrossRef2018
Dibutyltin Dichloride Retards Leydig Cell Developmental Regeneration in Adult Rat Testis
Xiande Huang, Taoye Ma, Yongsheng Yin. (2018). "Dibutyltin Dichloride Retards Leydig Cell Developmental Regeneration in Adult Rat Testis". Frontiers in Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018
查看完整研究 ↗
[5]PubMed2018
Increased heat shock protein 70 expression attenuates pancreatic fibrosis induced by dibutyltin dichloride.
Lee JM, Lee KG, Choi HS et al.. (2018). "Increased heat shock protein 70 expression attenuates pancreatic fibrosis induced by dibutyltin dichloride.". Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. https:/
查看完整研究 ↗
[6]PubMed2017
Effect of dibutyltin on placental and fetal toxicity in rat.
Furukawa S, Tsuji N, Kobayashi Y et al.. (2017). "Effect of dibutyltin on placental and fetal toxicity in rat.". The Journal of toxicological sciences. https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.42.741
查看完整研究 ↗
[7]CrossRef2003
Protective effects of progesterone on implantation failure induced by dibutyltin dichloride in rats
M Ema. (2003). "Protective effects of progesterone on implantation failure induced by dibutyltin dichloride in rats". Toxicology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00152-8
查看完整研究 ↗
[8]PubMed2002
Dibutyltin dichloride modifies amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini.
Nagashio Y, Hirohata Y, Akiyama T et al.. (2002). "Dibutyltin dichloride modifies amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini.". Pancreas. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006676-200207000-00014
查看完整研究 ↗
📚 科学参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式） 13 refs · 2 baz

MOLECULE 按CAS号参考文献（实时来自13+数据库）

来源： db:pubmed (6) · db:crossref (7)

  1. db:pubmed Lu Y, Tang H, Wang X et al.. (2022). "Dibutyltin dichloride exposure affects mouse oocyte quality by inducing spindle defects and mitochondria dysfunction.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133959 →
  2. db:pubmed Xu X, Yu H, Sun L et al.. (2020). "Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.". Molecular medicine reports. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.10995 →
  3. db:pubmed Lütt F, Ehlers L, Nizze H et al.. (2020). "Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat.". Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.10.007 →
  4. db:crossref Xiande Huang, Taoye Ma, Yongsheng Yin. (2018). "Dibutyltin Dichloride Retards Leydig Cell Developmental Regeneration in Adult Rat Testis". Frontiers in Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01320 →
  5. db:pubmed Lee JM, Lee KG, Choi HS et al.. (2018). "Increased heat shock protein 70 expression attenuates pancreatic fibrosis induced by dibutyltin dichloride.". Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2018.1516799 →
  6. db:pubmed Furukawa S, Tsuji N, Kobayashi Y et al.. (2017). "Effect of dibutyltin on placental and fetal toxicity in rat.". The Journal of toxicological sciences. https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.42.741 →
  7. db:crossref M Ema. (2003). "Protective effects of progesterone on implantation failure induced by dibutyltin dichloride in rats". Toxicology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00152-8 →
  8. db:pubmed Nagashio Y, Hirohata Y, Akiyama T et al.. (2002). "Dibutyltin dichloride modifies amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini.". Pancreas. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006676-200207000-00014 →
  9. db:crossref M Ema. (2000). "Adverse effects of dibutyltin dichloride on initiation and maintenance of rat pregnancy". Reproductive Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6238(00)00095-2 →
  10. db:crossref K.W. Thomulka, J.H. Lange. (1996). "A Mixture Toxicity Study Employing Combinations of Tributyltin Chloride, Dibutyltin Dichloride, and Tin Chloride Using the Marine BacteriumVibrio harveyias the Test Organism". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1996.0047 →
  11. db:crossref J. Merkord, G. Hennighausen. (1989). "Acute pancreatitis and bile duct lesions in rat induced by dibutyltin dichloride". Experimental pathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0232-1513(89)80113-6 →
  12. db:crossref A.P. Li, A.R. Dahl, J.O. Hill. (1982). "In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of dibutyltin dichloride and dibutylgermanium dichloride". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(82)90245-9 →
  13. db:crossref R. T. Skeel, C. E. Bricker. (1961). "Spectrophotometric Determination of Dibutyltin Dichloride". Analytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60171a036 →
物质监管状态
该物质受监管要求约束： 危险废物管理（BDO——波兰国家规定）. 详细信息请参见“法规状态（REACH/ECHA/CLP）”章节及安全数据表。 监管信息——不限制在本店购买。
🧮 化学计量计算器
🧪 化学数据
CAS号
683-18-1
分子式
C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn
摩尔质量
303.84 g/mol
IUPAC名称 (EN)
dibutyl(dichloro)stannane
SMILES
CCCC[Sn](CCCC)(Cl)Cl
InChIKey
RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L
📡 Data sources

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Temp. topnienia
42.9
Density
1.36

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-08-25

🔍 外部标识符
11 / 16个ID系统69%
数据库标识符操作
CAS Registry Number683-18-1打开 →
PubChem CID12688[1]打开 →
InChIKeyRJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L[1]打开 →
InChIInChI=1S/2C4H9.2ClH.Sn/c2*1-3-4-2;;;/h2*1,3-4H2,…[1]
SMILESCCCC[Sn](CCCC)(Cl)Cl[1]
EC Number211-670-0[2]打开 →
ChemSpider12167[3]打开 →
MeSH UID (NLM)C020735打开 →
UNII (FDA)J4AQN88R8P打开 →
NSC Number (NCI)2604打开 →
WikiData QIDQ18411326打开 →

来源：PubChem (NIH)、Wikidata SPARQL、KEGG、ChEMBL (EBI)、CompTox CTX (EPA)。

📚 科学参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式） (3 来源)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ applies to: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ applies to: EC Number
  3. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ applies to: ChemSpider

Further reading

Publications thematically related to this CAS. They are not the source of any value shown on this card.

扩展参考文献 (1)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 开放 ❓ 未验证 Anonymous. 2007. "Dibutyltin Dichloride." Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary: 399-399. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470114735.hawley05133. 链接 [访问日期: 2026-08-25]
📡 光谱学 — CAS 683-18-1
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¹H NMR NMR (¹H, ¹³C) — NMRShiftDB
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📚 Steinbeck C et al. (2003) J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 43(1):10–16 DOI: 10.1021/ci025588g
MS (MoNA) MoNA — MassBank of North America
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结构性质

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❓ 常见问题 (3)
What is Dibutyltin dichloride?
Dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn and a molecular weight of 303.84 g/mol.
有帮助吗？
What is the CAS number of Dibutyltin dichloride?
The CAS number for Dibutyltin dichloride is 683-18-1.
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What is the chemical formula of Dibutyltin dichloride?
The molecular formula of Dibutyltin dichloride is C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn.
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➕ 建议问题
下载结构文件

来自PubChem数据库（NIH）的分子结构文件。兼容Avogadro、PyMOL、Jmol和ChemDraw等程序。

来源：PubChem，美国国家医学图书馆（NIH）。 CID: 12688

🔄 浓度单位转换器 实时

输入Dibutyltin dichloride浓度（任意单位），其余将自动计算。

分子量： 303.84 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ 转换公式及引用（每个公式）
转换分子式准确度来源
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 参考文献（8个权威来源）
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811-2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
相似分子结构

正在加载相似结构...

🧪 溶液制备向导 WIZARD
① 选择浓度
② 目标体积
③ 溶剂

计算依据： IUPAC Gold Book ↗, Merck ↗

计算化学

正在加载计算数据...

🛡️ 安全 — CAS 683-18-1
数据限制说明。 本页安全信息仅供参考，不能替代完整的安全数据表（SDS）。使用产品前，请查阅制造商当前的安全数据表以及GHS/CLP指南。CLP分类适用于纯散装物质，不适用于商业制剂。

GHS/CLP分类——(EC) No 1272/2008法规 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021)。

⚠️ 危险 (Danger)
GHS05 — 腐蚀性
GHS05 腐蚀性
GHS06 — 毒性
GHS06 毒性
GHS07 — 刺激性/有害
GHS07 刺激性/有害
GHS08 — 健康危害
GHS08 健康危害
GHS09 — 环境危害
GHS09 环境危害

🚨 危险说明（H）

  • H341 — 怀疑会导致遗传性缺陷(说明接触途径――如已确证无其他接触途径造成这一危害)
  • H360FD — May damage fertility. May damage the unborn child
  • H330 — 吸入致命
  • H312 — 皮肤接触有害
  • H301 — 吞咽可中毒
  • H372 — 长期或反复接触会对器官造成伤害(说明已知的所有受影响器官)( 说明接触途径――如已确证无其他接触途径造成这一危害)
  • H314 — 造成严重皮肤灼伤和眼损伤
  • H400 — 对水生生物毒性极大
  • H410 — 对水生生物毒性极大并具有长期持续影响

🛡 防范说明（P）

  • P203 — 使用前取得、阅读并遵循所有安全说明书。

✓ 根据CLP法规(EC) 1272/2008附件VI的统一分类（官方、具有约束力的分类）。 索引号：050-022-00-X。

参考文献（芝加哥格式）： European Chemicals Agency. "dibutyltin dichloride; (DBTC), Index No. 050-022-00-X." In Table 3 of Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), 23rd Adaptation to Technical Progress (harmonised list as of 2026-07-07). Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency, 2026. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.

翻译：CLP 法规 (EC) 1272/2008，附件 III 和 IV。数据：PubChem/NLM。

📚 综合科学参考文献 — Chicago Author-Date 10 来源

从所有Safety Hub选项卡收集的参考文献。CAS号： 683-18-1 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS，法规
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. 急救、毒理学
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] 急救、个人防护装备、毒理学
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] 个人防护装备
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] 处置、法规
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] 储存
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] 储存
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. 国家规定——波兰 [↗] 废物处置
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] 毒理学

具有自身参考文献的选项卡（紧急情况、个人防护装备、储存、废物）在其各自章节中包含额外的书目条目。

📈 分析统计（t检验·RSD·Grubbs·Q-Dixon） ICH Q2

粘贴一系列重复测量结果（CSV或每行一个数字）。计算器将计算平均值、标准差和95%置信区间，并检测异常值（Grubbs + Dixon Q）。

分隔符：逗号、空格、制表符、换行。至少3个测量值。
📐 统计公式
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — 算术平均值
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — 样本方差
  • s = √s² — 标准差
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — 相对标准差
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — Grubbs检验
  • Q = |xsuspect - xnearest| / |xmax - xmin| — Dixon Q-test

来源：ICH Q2(R2) 分析方法验证 · ICH PDF ↗

🧪 缓冲液配方计算器 唯一
参考文献： pKa值来自 Goldberg NIST 81 · CRC Handbook 100th ed. · Stoll & Blanchard 1990 (DOI)

从 20 种常用缓冲体系列表中选择 → 输入目标 pH → 获得精确配方，包括称量质量。

步骤 1：选择缓冲体系

📜 配方历史记录（最近 10 条）
📅 项目规划器——实验室实验管理器 新品

规划您的整个实验室项目：添加实验（含试剂、重复次数和持续时间）。您将获得甘特图、购物清单（含商店链接！）、预算（含10%余量）和GHS风险矩阵。

🧪 溶解性和溶剂兼容性
分子
Dibutyltin dichloride
分子式
C₈H₁₈Cl₂Sn
logP (XLogP3)
—
摩尔质量（g/mol）
303.84
极性
—

⚠️ GC估算（Hoftyzer-Van Krevelen）。该CAS无文献HSP数据——精度±2 MPa½。请实验验证。

该物质暂无溶剂相容性表。
Hansen 参数超出该方法的范围，因此无法计算距离 Ra，且数据库中也没有可替代的溶解度实测数据。与其给出十一项毫无依据的评级，我们选择不显示。请依据安全数据表和实验数据选择溶剂。
📚 溶剂科学参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式）——点击展开

11 种溶剂 · 54 条完整引用（NIST/CRC/IARC/Hansen/Reichardt/Smallwood/Wypych/Armarego/Snyder/GESTIS）— 见下文。

Water (H₂O)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Water (CAS 7732-18-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 104th ed., Sec. 8 (Properties of Water)
  3. IAPWS — IAPWS Release on Static Dielectric Constant of Water
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Water
Ethanol (EtOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Ethanol (CAS 64-17-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Ethanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — Ethanol eluotropic
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Ethanol
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Ethanol
Methanol (MeOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Methanol (CAS 67-56-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Methanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — MeOH eluotropic, eo=0.95
  4. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Methanol
Acetone
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetone (CAS 67-64-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetone physical & thermodynamic constants
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Acetone (dD=15.5, dP=10.4, dH=7.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Acetone
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetone
Acetonitrile (ACN)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetonitrile constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — ACN gold-standard HPLC eluent
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — ACN dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetonitrile
DMSO
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — DMSO (CAS 67-68-5)
  2. Wypych 2019 — Handbook of Solvents Vol. 1 — DMSO comprehensive properties
  3. Hansen 2007 — HSP — DMSO (dD=18.4, dP=16.4, dH=10.2)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DMSO E_T(30)=45.1, dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — DMSO
THF
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — THF (CAS 109-99-9)
  2. Armarego 2009 — Purification of Laboratory Chemicals — THF drying & peroxide test
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — THF (dD=16.8, dP=5.7, dH=8.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — THF
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Tetrahydrofuran
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Dichloromethane (CAS 75-09-2)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — DCM (Group 2A carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — DCM (dD=18.2, dP=6.3, dH=6.1)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DCM polarity index
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Dichloromethane
Chloroform (CHCl₃)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Chloroform (CAS 67-66-3)
  2. IARC 73 — IARC Monograph 73 — Chloroform (Group 2B carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — CHCl3 (dD=17.8, dP=3.1, dH=5.7)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — CHCl3 H-bond donor strength
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Chloroform
n-Hexane
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — n-Hexane (CAS 110-54-3)
  2. ATSDR n-Hexane — ATSDR Toxicological Profile for n-Hexane — 周围神经病变（正己烷并非 IARC 致癌物）
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — n-Hexane (dD=14.9, dP=0, dH=0)
  4. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — n-Hexane NP standard, eo=0.00
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — n-Hexane
Toluene
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Toluene (CAS 108-88-3)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — Toluene
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Toluene (dD=18.0, dP=1.4, dH=2.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Toluene
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Toluene
溶解性理论（应用于相容性预测）：
  1. Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — HSP三元组（dD, dP, dH）+ Ra公式。
  3. Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
  4. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solvatochromism.
  5. Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
  6. Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution for dD/dP/dH from SMILES.
  7. Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — 250+溶剂的完整表格数据集（ε、μ、供体数、受体数）。
  8. PubChem Compound Database — CAS 683-18-1 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.

完整参考文献位于页面底部的参考文献折叠面板——芝加哥格式手册第17版作者-日期格式。

⚗️ 检查反应兼容性
4 0 0
健康： 4/4
易燃性： 0/4
反应性： 0/4
根据NFPA 704 / 由H代码计算

检查Dibutyltin dichloride是否与另一种试剂兼容

📦 储存兼容性矩阵
酸类 碱 氧化剂 易燃 毒性 Gazy
酸类 ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
碱 ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
氧化剂 ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
易燃 ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
毒性 ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ 可一起储存 · ⚠ 谨慎 · ✗ 禁止一起储存 · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

兼容性数据来源： Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 实验室计算器（8个）
稀释（C₁V₁=C₂V₂）
摩尔浓度（M=n/V）
pH缓冲液（Henderson-Hasselbalch）
Beer-Lambert（A=εcl）
质量→摩尔
浓度%→M
ppm→mg/L
温度 C↔F↔K

已验证的配方： IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 光谱数据库
📋 实验室方案生成器

方案基于以下内容生成： GHS SDS, Aldrich Lab Guide ↗

🏷️ 标签生成器（QR码）
Dibutyltin Dichloride• Dibutyldichlorostannane / DBTC dichloride• IUPAC: dibutyl(dichloro)stannane• CAS: 683-18-1• EC: 211-670-0• 分子式: C8H18Cl2Sn• 摩尔质量: 303.84 g/mol危险GHS危险说明：H341 H360FD H330 H312 H301 H372 H314 H400 H410P203: 使用前取得、阅读并遵循所有安全说明书。Nonsensia Ltd124-128 City Road, EC1V 2NX London[email protected]molgod.org批号: 净含量:
🧪 溶液配制助手（Smart Prep）

输入您要制备的内容——我将生成SOP

示例如下——点击插入：
预设配方：
📚 科学文献概览 — CAS 683-18-1
⭐ 关键发现（科学文献） 12 出版物
🏆 CAS 683-18-1 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30%引用·20%近期性·20%主题·15%历史·15%开放获取.
  1. #1
    A.P. Li, A.R. Dahl, J.O. Hill (1982) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 4.81 药理学 引用： 39 DOI ↗
  2. #2
    Xiande Huang, Taoye Ma, Yongsheng Yin (2018) · Frontiers in Pharmacology
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 4.5 机制 引用： 4 DOI ↗
  3. #3
    R. T. Skeel, C. E. Bricker (1961) · Analytical Chemistry
    重要性： 历史论文（1961）
    SCORE 4.14 历史 引用： 12 DOI ↗
  4. #4
    J. Merkord, G. Hennighausen (1989) · Experimental pathology
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 4.14 机制 引用： 23 DOI ↗
  5. #5
    M Ema (2000) · Reproductive Toxicology
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 4.09 机制 引用： 22 DOI ↗
  6. #6
    Lu Y, Tang H, Wang X et al. (2022) · Chemosphere
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 3.6 机制 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    K.W. Thomulka, J.H. Lange (1996) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 3.24 药理学 引用： 11 DOI ↗
  8. #8
    M Ema (2003) · Toxicology Letters
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 3.12 机制 引用： 10 DOI ↗
  9. #9
    Xu X, Yu H, Sun L et al. (2020) · Molecular medicine reports
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 3 机制 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  10. #10
    Lütt F, Ehlers L, Nizze H et al. (2020) · Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 3 机制 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  11. #11
    Lee JM, Lee KG, Choi HS et al. (2018) · Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 2.4 机制 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  12. #12
    Nagashio Y, Hirohata Y, Akiyama T et al. (2002) · Pancreas
    重要性： 通过多标准评分选择（引用+近期性+主题+历史+开放获取）。
    SCORE 0.9 机制 引用： 1 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗

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This covers the checks we performed and named. It does not cover registration status, tonnage, or your role in the supply chain — those are not ours to hold, and a guarantee that pretended otherwise would be worth nothing.

For dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1) the documentation obligation begins before the first shipment. This page sets out what the safety data sheet has to establish.

dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1) at a glance

  • Substance – dibutyltin dichloride
  • CAS number – 683-18-1
  • EC number – 211-670-0
  • CLP Annex VI index number – 050-022-00-X
  • Also known as – (DBTC)
  • Hazard statements – H341 (suspected of causing genetic defects); H360FD (may damage fertility and the unborn child); H330 (fatal if inhaled); H312 (harmful in contact with skin); H301 (toxic if swallowed); H372 (causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure)
  • Hazard classes – Muta. 2, Repr. 1B, Acute Tox. 2 *, Acute Tox. 4 *, Acute Tox. 3 *, STOT RE 1
  • Label pictograms – GHS05, GHS06, GHS08, GHS09
  • Signal word – Danger
  • Concentration limits / M-factor / ATE – Skin Corr. 1B;H314: C ≥ 5.0%;Skin Irrit. 2;H315: 0.01% ≤ C < 5.0%;Eye Dam. 1;H318: 3.0% ≤ C < 5.0%;Eye Irrit. 2;H319: 0.01% ≤ C < 3.0%;M = 10
  • Entry current as of – ATP01
  • CMR classification – yes, classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction
  • Documentation issued – safety data sheet in REACH Annex II structure; working draft or signed card
  • What is supplied – a document. MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

Is dibutyltin dichloride on the SVHC candidate list?

Yes — dibutyltin dichloride appears on the candidate list of substances of very high concern. That triggers duties that classification alone does not: notification to ECHA above the tonnage threshold, and an obligation to inform recipients where the substance is present in an article above 0.1 % by weight.

Aquatic hazard and disposal

Aquatic hazard classification (H400, H410) for CAS 683-18-1 reaches beyond the label. It governs the environmental section of the safety data sheet, the disposal route stated in section 13, and in several Member States the reporting threshold for storage. Consignments carrying an aquatic hazard also attract marine pollutant marking when moved by sea.

Which GHS pictograms apply to dibutyltin dichloride?

The label for dibutyltin dichloride carries GHS05 (corrosion), GHS06 (skull and crossbones), GHS08 (health hazard), GHS09 (environment), with the signal word Danger. These are not chosen by the supplier: CLP Annex VI states them for CAS 683-18-1, and the precedence rules in Annex I decide which pictogram is dropped when two would say the same thing. A label showing a different set from the register is wrong even if every hazard statement on it is correct.

Identifiers that must agree

Three identifiers travel with this substance and all three have to agree: CAS 683-18-1, the Annex VI index number 050-022-00-X, and the name as it appears in the register. Mismatched identifiers are the quietest defect in a documentation set, because every individual document looks correct and only a cross-check reveals that they describe different things.

What is the EC number for dibutyltin dichloride?

Alongside CAS 683-18-1, this substance carries EC number 211-670-0 and Annex VI index 050-022-00-X. European documentation is built around the EC number as often as around the CAS: registration dossiers, the candidate list and customs systems key on it. A safety data sheet quoting only one of the two forces every downstream reader to look up the other.

What is the CLP classification of dibutyltin dichloride?

The harmonised classification for CAS 683-18-1 carries 9 hazard statements: H341, H360FD, H330, H312, H301, H372, H314, H400, H410. In plain terms this means suspected of causing genetic defects; may damage fertility and the unborn child; fatal if inhaled; harmful in contact with skin. A harmonised entry is binding across the Union — an importer may not soften it, and a self-classification that diverges from it will not survive an enforcement check.

What must the label for dibutyltin dichloride contain?

The supply label for dibutyltin dichloride is generated from the same classification that drives the safety data sheet: pictograms selected by precedence, one signal word derived from the highest hazard class present, and the hazard statements H341, H360FD, H330… reproduced in full. Where the container is too small to carry the complete set at a legible size, there are lawful ways to handle it and unlawful ones that look identical to a non-specialist.

What concentration limits apply to dibutyltin dichloride?

The harmonised entry for dibutyltin dichloride carries specific concentration limits: H314: C ≥ 5 %; H315: 0,01 % ≤ C < 5 %; H318: 3 % ≤ C< 5 %; H319: 0,01 % ≤ C < 3 %. These override the generic cut-off values, so a mixture containing dibutyltin dichloride is classified against these figures and not against the default thresholds. M-factor on record: 10. The M-factor multiplies the contribution of this substance in the aquatic hazard calculation for a mixture, which is where it is most often overlooked.

How is dibutyltin dichloride classified for road, sea and air transport?

Transport classification for dibutyltin dichloride sits in section 14 and differs by mode: ADR for road, IMDG for sea, IATA for air. A sheet that prints all three without stating which applies leaves the shipper to choose, and the shipper is the one penalised for choosing wrong.

How do I check if my SDS for dibutyltin dichloride is still valid?

Prior to requesting documentation for dibutyltin dichloride, confirm whether the existing sheet is capable of undergoing an inspection. Perform a section-by-section evaluation against Annex II to assess compliance in a single pass; if it fulfils the requirements, the honest assessment will validate its validity.

Is dibutyltin dichloride classified as a CMR substance?

CAS 683-18-1 is classified as a CMR substance (H360FD). That status changes the obligations attached to every shipment: workplace exposure documentation, restrictions on supply to the general public, and substitution pressure from downstream users who must justify continued use. A safety data sheet for a CMR substance is read more closely than any other, because the classification itself invites scrutiny.

What Annex VI notes and concentration limits apply to dibutyltin dichloride?

The register also records Skin Corr. 1B;H314: C ≥ 5.0%;Skin Irrit. 2;H315: 0.01% ≤ C < 5.0%;Eye Dam. 1;H318: 3.0% ≤ C < 5.0%;Eye Irrit. 2;H319: 0.01% ≤ C < 3.0%;M = 10 for this entry. Specific concentration limits, M-factors and acute toxicity estimates override the generic cut-off values, so a mixture calculation that ignores them will classify the mixture wrongly in both directions.

Why a correct sheet stops being correct

Classification under CLP moves with each Adaptation to Technical Progress. A sheet for CAS 683-18-1 written before the amendment that touched its entry keeps stating a classification the register no longer holds. Nothing in the document announces this — it reads exactly as it did on the day it was issued, which is precisely why revision dates are checked before content.

Disposal route and waste classification

Disposal of dibutyltin dichloride and of its packaging is section 13, and it has to align with the classification: a substance with an aquatic hazard cannot be routed to drain, and the waste code assigned by the holder follows from the hazard profile, not from convenience.

Which SDS sections decide whether a shipment clears?

A sheet for CAS 683-18-1 must be read numerically rather than narratively; subsections carry equal weight as sections: an inspector seeking information under point 3.1 will not accept data folded into a paragraph elsewhere, irrespective of that paragraph’s completeness. Completeness is assessed initially by structure, then by content.

Questions about documentation for dibutyltin dichloride

Is dibutyltin dichloride a CMR substance?

Yes. The harmonised classification places it among substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction, which changes workplace documentation and supply restrictions.

What hazard statements apply to CAS 683-18-1?

The harmonised entry lists H341, H360FD, H330, H312. These are binding across the Union and may not be softened by a self-classification.

In which language must the sheet be supplied?

In an official language of each Member State where dibutyltin dichloride is placed on the market, unless that State has stated otherwise.

Can I check whether my existing sheet is still valid?

Yes. A section-by-section reading against Annex II and the current harmonised entry establishes that in one pass, and a sheet that passes is reported as passing.

MolGod.org issues documentation and does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances. CAS 683-18-1 identifies the subject of this document.

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Related products

📄 分析证书（CoA） CAS 683-18-1 无

数据库中无此产品的证书。

📚 科学参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式）——点击展开

批次管理与实验室认证标准——13个独立来源（ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG）。

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [链接 ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [链接 ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [链接 ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [链接 ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [链接 ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [链接 ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [链接 ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [链接 ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [链接 ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [链接 ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [链接 ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [链接 ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [链接 ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
📜 专利（公开元数据） 无数据

目前未在Crossref/OpenAlex中找到该物质的公开专利元数据。数据将在下次缓存刷新（24小时）后自动更新。

📚 参考文献（芝加哥作者-日期格式）——点击展开
  1. Lu Y, Tang H, Wang X et al.. (2022). "Dibutyltin dichloride exposure affects mouse oocyte quality by inducing spindle defects and mitochondria dysfunction.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133959
  2. Xu X, Yu H, Sun L et al.. (2020). "Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.". Molecular medicine reports. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.10995
  3. Lütt F, Ehlers L, Nizze H et al.. (2020). "Different characteristics of chronic dibutyltin dichloride-induced pancreatitis and cholangitis in mouse and rat.". Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international : HBPD INT. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.10.007
  4. Xiande Huang, Taoye Ma, Yongsheng Yin. (2018). "Dibutyltin Dichloride Retards Leydig Cell Developmental Regeneration in Adult Rat Testis". Frontiers in Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01320
  5. Lee JM, Lee KG, Choi HS et al.. (2018). "Increased heat shock protein 70 expression attenuates pancreatic fibrosis induced by dibutyltin dichloride.". Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365521.2018.1516799
  6. Furukawa S, Tsuji N, Kobayashi Y et al.. (2017). "Effect of dibutyltin on placental and fetal toxicity in rat.". The Journal of toxicological sciences. https://doi.org/10.2131/jts.42.741
  7. M Ema. (2003). "Protective effects of progesterone on implantation failure induced by dibutyltin dichloride in rats". Toxicology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00152-8
  8. Nagashio Y, Hirohata Y, Akiyama T et al.. (2002). "Dibutyltin dichloride modifies amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini.". Pancreas. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006676-200207000-00014
  9. M Ema. (2000). "Adverse effects of dibutyltin dichloride on initiation and maintenance of rat pregnancy". Reproductive Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6238(00)00095-2
  10. K.W. Thomulka, J.H. Lange. (1996). "A Mixture Toxicity Study Employing Combinations of Tributyltin Chloride, Dibutyltin Dichloride, and Tin Chloride Using the Marine BacteriumVibrio harveyias the Test Organism". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. https://doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1996.0047
  11. J. Merkord, G. Hennighausen. (1989). "Acute pancreatitis and bile duct lesions in rat induced by dibutyltin dichloride". Experimental pathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0232-1513(89)80113-6
  12. A.P. Li, A.R. Dahl, J.O. Hill. (1982). "In vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of dibutyltin dichloride and dibutylgermanium dichloride". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(82)90245-9
  13. R. T. Skeel, C. E. Bricker. (1961). "Spectrophotometric Determination of Dibutyltin Dichloride". Analytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60171a036
  14. World Intellectual Property Organization. 2024. "Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)." https://www.wipo.int/pct/.
  15. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 2024. "USPTO Patent Public Search." https://ppubs.uspto.gov/.
  16. European Patent Office. 2024. "Espacenet Patent Search." https://worldwide.espacenet.com/.
  17. Newman, David J., and Gordon M. Cragg. 2020. "Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019." Journal of Natural Products 83 (3): 770-803.
  18. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  19. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  20. Meanwell, Nicholas A. 2011. "Synopsis of Some Recent Tactical Application of Bioisosteres in Drug Design." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (8): 2529-2591.
  21. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of Synthetic Accessibility Score of Drug-Like Molecules Based on Molecular Complexity and Fragment Contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  22. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  23. Allison, John R., and Mark A. Lemley. 1998. "Empirical Evidence on the Validity of Litigated Patents." AIPLA Quarterly Journal 26 (3): 185-275.
  24. Patani, George A., and Edmond J. LaVoie. 1996. "Bioisosterism: A Rational Approach in Drug Design." Chemical Reviews 96 (8): 3147-3176.
  25. Lerner, Josh. 1994. "The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis." RAND Journal of Economics 25 (2): 319-333.

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📚 参考文献（综合书目，芝加哥作者-日期格式） 78 条目

以上折叠面板中针对CAS号683-18-1引用的所有科学来源。格式： 《芝加哥格式手册》第17版，作者-日期系统.

🗄️ 科学数据库

  1. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 683-18-1. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine.
  2. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 683-18-1. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=683-18-1.
  3. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 683-18-1. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  4. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  5. ECHA. n.d. C&L Inventory and REACH Registration: CAS 683-18-1. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.

📐 标准/指南

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 书籍

  1. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  2. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  3. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471734683.
  4. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  5. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📄 科学文章（同行评审）

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

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📥 下载BibTeX📥 下载RIS导入到Zotero/Mendeley/EndNote/Papers。
📜 许可与来源PREDICTED MODEL · NOT VERIFIED
PREDICTED MODEL — NOT VERIFIED
computed by MolGod Scientific · experimental feature (beta) · may contain errors

No source 3-D conformer was available to MolGod for this substance. MolGod Scientific computed this geometry from the structural formula with RDKit 2026.03.6 (ETKDGv3 conformer generation, UFF force-field optimisation; lowest-energy converged conformer of a fixed-seed set). It is not a measured structure, it does not come from PubChem, and it has not been compared with experimental data. It shows one possible conformation.

Methods and references
  1. RDKit: Open-source cheminformatics, version 2026.03.6. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.22140358 (all versions: doi:10.5281/zenodo.591637)
  2. Riniker S, Landrum GA. Better Informed Distance Geometry: Using What We Know To Improve Conformation Generation. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2015, 55, 2562-2574. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00654
  3. Wang S, Witek J, Landrum GA, Riniker S. Improving Conformer Generation for Small Rings and Macrocycles Based on Distance Geometry and Experimental Torsional-Angle Preferences. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2020, 60, 2044-2058. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00025
  4. Rappe AK, Casewit CJ, Colwell KS, Goddard WA III, Skiff WM. UFF, a full periodic table force field for molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10024-10035. doi:10.1021/ja00051a040
  5. Heller SR, McNaught A, Pletnev I, Stein S, Tchekhovskoi D. InChI, the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier. J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 23. doi:10.1186/s13321-015-0068-4
  6. Kim S, Chen J, Cheng T, et al. PubChem 2025 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2025, 53, D1516-D1525. doi:10.1093/nar/gkae1059 Compound record: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/12688
模型
Dibutyltin dichloride · 683-18-1
InChIKey
RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L
许可与来源记录
Dibutyltin dichloride (CAS 683-18-1) →
MolGod 分子记录
Dibutyltin dichloride →
源数据
PubChem CID 12688 ↗
模型信息
尚未发布

本许可适用于 MolGod 创建的 STL 网格，不自动适用于第三方源材料。