etilene — etichetta CAS 74-85-1

ethylene (CAS 74-85-1) — Safety Data Sheet

We already hold the harmonised entry for this substance.

  • CAS: 74-85-1
  • Numero indice dell'allegato VI: 601-010-00-3
  • 3 hazard classes: Flam. Gas 1, Press. Gas, STOT SE 3
  • Indicazioni di pericolo: H220, H336

We have not issued a safety data sheet for it yet.

Ricevi tutti i dettagli per CAS 74-85-1

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Sezione 9 — proprietà chimico-fisiche: 13 su 22 stabilite.

Mostriamo ciò che è accertato e indichiamo ciò che non lo è. Classificazione e identità sono complete su ogni scheda; è nella sezione 9 che i dati pubblici sono scarsi.

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Informazioni sulle versioni linguistiche

Questi cambiano la lingua di questa pagina. Single substances. Mixtures on enquiry. One document, one language — additional languages are priced separately. Every version, including the Chinese one, is written to EU law — (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex II and (EU) 2020/878 — and translated from it. The Chinese version is a reference translation, not a legally valid document for the Chinese market: an SDS for China must be compiled separately to GB/T 16483 and GB/T 17519.

🧬 Visualizzatore di molecole 3D
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Modello 3D Ethylene, CAS 74-85-1, formula molecolare C2H4, massa molare 28.05 g/mol

Viste del modello

  • Etilene (CAS 74-85-1) – modello 3D a sfere e bastoncini, MolGod Viewer
    modello 3D a sfere e bastoncini
  • Etilene (CAS 74-85-1) – modello 3D scheletrico, MolGod Viewer
    modello 3D scheletrico
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  • Etilene (CAS 74-85-1) – struttura 2D, MolGod Viewer
    struttura 2D

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🖨️ Modello per la stampa 3D e licenza
ethylene (CAS 74-85-1), C2H4 - 3D ball-and-stick molecular model, engraved element symbols (C H), MolGod STL previewScarica immagine

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ethylene (CAS 74-85-1), C2H4 - 3D ball-and-stick molecular model, MolGod STL previewScarica immagine

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Scarica il modello 3D: Ethylene, C2H4, CAS 74-85-1 · NORMAL · 122 KB

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📊 Dati chimico-fisici — CAS 74-85-1
📊 Proprietà fisico-chimiche

Riferimento rapido

Formula: C2H4
MW: 28.05 g/mol
CAS: 74-85-1
Aspetto: Gas incolore
Odore: Dolce
🔬 Proprietà avanzate

Identificatori chimici

SMILES: C=C

Ultimo aggiornamento: 2026-09-04

Panoramica chimica: Ethylene
Formula molecolareC2H4[1]
Peso molecolare28.05 g/mol[1]
Punto di fusione-169.11 °C[1][2][3]
Punto di ebollizione-103.72 °C[1][2][3]
LogP (lipofilia)1.2[1]
Nome IUPACethene[1]
SMILESC=C[1]
InChIKeyVGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]

Sinonimi: ETHYLENE · Ethene · Acetene · Elayl · Olefiant gas

Fonti dei dati: PubChem (NLM/NIH)
Ultimo aggiornamento: 2026-10-11

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (3 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ si applica a: Formula molecolare · Peso molecolare · Punto di fusione · Punto di ebollizione · LogP (lipofilia) · Nome IUPAC · SMILES · InChIKey
  2. DECHEMA, PTB, and BAM. CHEMSAFE - Database of Evaluated Safety Characteristics for the Avoidance of Explosions. Frankfurt am Main: DECHEMA e.V.; Braunschweig/Berlin: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und -prufung. ↗ si applica a: Punto di fusione · Punto di ebollizione
  3. NIST. Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69. National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗ si applica a: Punto di fusione · Punto di ebollizione
Stato normativo della sostanza
Questa sostanza è soggetta a requisiti normativi: gestione dei rifiuti pericolosi (BDO — norma nazionale, Polonia). Dettagli nella sezione "Stato normativo (REACH/ECHA/CLP)" e nella scheda SDS. Informazione normativa — non limita l'acquisto nel negozio.
🧮 Calcolatore stechiometrico
🧪 Dati chimici
Numero CAS
74-85-1
Formula molecolare
C2H4
Massa molare
28.05 g/mol
Nome IUPAC (EN)
ethene
SMILES
C=C
InChIKey
VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
📡 Data sources

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Temp. wrzenia
-104.2
Temp. topnienia
-169.4
Density
0.569

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-09-04

🔍 Identificatori esterni
13 su 16 sistemi ID81%
DatabaseIdentificatoreAzioni
CAS Registry Number74-85-1Apri →
PubChem CID6325[1]Apri →
InChIKeyVGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]Apri →
InChIInChI=1S/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2[1]
SMILESC=C[1]
EC Number200-815-3[2]Apri →
ChEMBLCHEMBL117822[3]Apri →
KEGG CompoundC06547Apri →
HMDBHMDB0029594Apri →
ChemSpider6085[4]Apri →
MeSH UID (NLM)C036216Apri →
UNII (FDA)91GW059KN7Apri →
WikiData QIDQ151313Apri →

Fonti: PubChem (NIH), Wikidata SPARQL, KEGG, ChEMBL (EBI), CompTox CTX (EPA).

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (4 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ si applica a: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ si applica a: EC Number
  3. ChEMBL. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), bioactivity database. ↗ si applica a: ChEMBL
  4. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ si applica a: ChemSpider

Ulteriori letture

Pubblicazioni tematicamente correlate a questo CAS. Non sono la fonte di alcun valore riportato in questa scheda.

Bibliografia (estesa) (1)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Anonymous. "All-Plastic Supercapacitors from Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Waste.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03370.s001. link [consultato: 2026-09-04]
📡 Spettroscopia — CAS 74-85-1
📊 Spettri (NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis) (1)

Tipi di spettri disponibili: IR

Spettro IR (KBr, 4000-400 cm⁻¹)

446 punti dati · Fonte: NIST WebBook · NIST ↗ · 📥 JCAMP-DX
🎓 Guida all'interpretazione degli spettri (per studenti)
Come leggere uno spettro IR
  • 3200-3600 cm⁻¹ — stiramento O-H (picco allargato = legame a idrogeno)
  • 2850-3000 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C-H (sp³)
  • 1650-1750 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C=O (chetoni, aldeidi, esteri)
  • 1400-1600 cm⁻¹ — vibrazioni dell'anello aromatico
  • 1000-1300 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C-O (eteri, alcoli)
  • Nessun assorbimento = gruppo funzionale assente → confrontare con un riferimento

Fonti: LibreTexts ↗, Silverstein (Spectrometric ID) ↗

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (7 sources)
  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2024. "NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69." Gaithersburg, MD: NIST. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  2. Spectral Database for Organic Structure Determination (SDBS). 2024. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  3. Ulrich, Eldon L., Hideo Akutsu, John F. Doreleijers, Yoko Harano, Yannis E. Ioannidis, Jundong Lin, Miron Livny, et al. 2008. "BioMagResBank." Nucleic Acids Research 36 (D1): D402–D408. [DOI ↗]
  4. Horai, Hisayuki, Masanori Arita, Shigehiko Kanaya, Yoshito Nihei, Tasuku Ikeda, Kazuhiro Suwa, Yuya Ojima, et al. 2010. "MassBank: A Public Repository for Sharing Mass Spectral Data for Life Sciences." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 45 (7): 703–714. [DOI ↗]
  5. Linstrom, P.J., and W.G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗
  6. McDonald, M. Shane, Mike McAvoy, and Ajit Bhalerao. 1988. "JCAMP-DX: A Standard Form for Exchange of Infrared Spectra in Computer Readable Form." Applied Spectroscopy 42 (1): 151–162. [DOI ↗]
  7. PubChem. 2024. "PubChem Compound Database." National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
Proprietà strutturali
ParametroValoreUnità
Formula molecolareC2H4
Massa molare28.05g/mol
Massa esatta28.0313001276Da
Massa monoisotopica28.0313001276Da
Superficie polare topologica (TPSA)0Ų
XLogP31.2000
Indice di complessità0
Donatori di legami a idrogeno0
Accettori di legami a idrogeno0
Legami rotabili0
Atomi pesanti2
Centri stereogenici (atomi)0
Centri stereogenici (legami)0
Volume 3D31.7000ų
Numero di conformeri 3D1
RMSD del modello di conformero0.4000Å
Rotori 3D effettivi0
Accettori di legami a idrogeno (3D)0
Donatori di legami a idrogeno (3D)0
Anelli (3D)0
Centri idrofobici (3D)2
Quadrupolo sterico 3D (X/Y/Z)1.06 / 0.62 / 0.62Ų

Fonte: Proprietà calcolate PubChem, CID 6325

❓ Domande frequenti (8)
What is Ethylene?
Ethylene (CAS 74-85-1) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4 and a molecular weight of 28.05 g/mol. The chemical data comes from PubChem (National Institutes of Health, USA).
Utile?
What is the CAS number of Ethylene?
The CAS number for Ethylene is 74-85-1. A CAS Registry Number is the standard identifier for a chemical substance in scientific literature and in trade.
Utile?
What is the chemical formula of Ethylene?
The molecular formula of Ethylene is C2H4. Its molecular weight is 28.05 g/mol.
Utile?
What is the melting point of Ethylene?
The melting point of Ethylene is -169.4.
Utile?
What is the boiling point of Ethylene?
The boiling point of Ethylene is -104.2.
Utile?
What is the density of Ethylene?
The density of Ethylene is 0.569.
Utile?
Is Ethylene hazardous?
Ethylene has a harmonised EU classification (CLP Regulation, Annex VI, index no. 601-010-00-3): H220, H336. Read the safety data sheet before use and follow the handling precautions it states.
Utile?
How should Ethylene be stored?
Ethylene should be stored as its safety data sheet directs — typically in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat and from materials it is incompatible with.
Utile?
➕ Suggerisci una domanda
Scarica i file di struttura

File di struttura molecolare dal database PubChem (NIH). Compatibili con i programmi: Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, ChemDraw.

Fonte: PubChem, National Library of Medicine (NIH). CID: 6325

🔄 Convertitore di unità di concentrazione LIVE

Inserisci la concentrazione Ethylene in qualsiasi unità — il resto verrà calcolato automaticamente.

MW: 28.05 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ Formule di conversione + citazioni (per formula)
ConversionFormulaAccuratezzaSource
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliografia (8 fonti autorevoli)
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811e2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Strutture molecolari simili

Caricamento di strutture simili...

Chimica computazionale

Descrittori molecolari

ParametroValoreUnità
XLogP3 (lipofilia)1.20
lipofilo (preferisce la fase organica)
Superficie polare topologica (TPSA)0.00Ų
bassa polarità, buona penetrazione della barriera emato-encefalica
Indice di complessità0.0
Carica formale0
molecola neutra

Regola di Lipinski (Rule of Five)

CriterioValoreRegolaStato
Massa molare28.05 g/mol<= 500✓
XLogP31.20<= 5✓
Donatori di legami a idrogeno0<= 5✓
Accettori di legami a idrogeno0<= 10✓

Il composto soddisfa la regola di Lipinski — biodisponibilità orale potenzialmente buona.

Caratteristiche farmacoforiche 3D

ParametroValoreUnità
Accettori di legami a idrogeno (3D)0
Donatori di legami a idrogeno (3D)0
Anelli (3D)0
Centri idrofobici (3D)2
Centri anionici (3D)0
Centri cationici (3D)0

Forma e volume

ParametroValoreUnità
Volume 3D31.70ų
Legami rotabili0
Atomi pesanti2

Le interpretazioni della TPSA e la regola di Lipinski sono regole empiriche per farmaci orali a basso peso molecolare (Lipinski 1997, Veber 2002, Kelder 1999). Non costituiscono una valutazione dell'assorbimento né della tossicità di questa sostanza — i dati di sicurezza sono riportati nella scheda di dati di sicurezza.

Fonte: Proprietà calcolate PubChem, CID 6325

🛡️ Sicurezza — CAS 74-85-1
Avviso sulle limitazioni dei dati. Le informazioni sulla sicurezza contenute in questa pagina hanno carattere informativo e non sostituiscono la scheda di dati di sicurezza (SDS) completa. Prima di utilizzare il prodotto, consultare la scheda di dati di sicurezza aggiornata del produttore e le linee guida GHS/CLP. La classificazione CLP riguarda la sostanza pura bulk, non i preparati commerciali.

Classificazione GHS/CLP — Regolamento (CE) n. 1272/2008 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021).

⚠️ Pericolo (Danger)
GHS02 — Infiammabile
GHS02 Infiammabile
GHS04 — Gas sotto pressione
GHS04 Gas sotto pressione
GHS07 — Irritante / nocivo
GHS07 Irritante / nocivo

🚨 Indicazioni di pericolo (H)

  • H220 — Gas altamente infiammabile.
  • H336 — Può provocare sonnolenza o vertigini.

🛡 Consigli di prudenza (P)

  • P261 — Evitare di respirare la polvere/i fumi/i gas/la nebbia/i vapori/gli aerosol.
  • P271 — Utilizzare soltanto all’aperto o in luogo ben ventilato.
  • P304+P340 — IN CASO DI INALAZIONE: Trasportare l’infortunato all’aria aperta e mantenerlo a riposo in posizione che favorisca la respirazione.
  • P312 — In caso di malessere, contattare un CENTRO ANTIVELENI/un medico/…
  • P403+P233 — Conservare in luogo ben ventilato.: Tenere il recipiente ben chiuso.
  • P405 — Conservare sotto chiave.
  • P501 — Smaltire il prodotto/recipiente in …

✓ Classificazione armonizzata ai sensi dell'allegato VI del regolamento CLP (CE) 1272/2008 (classificazione ufficiale, vincolante). Numero indice: 601-010-00-3.

Riferimento (Chicago): European Chemicals Agency. "ethylene, Index No. 601-010-00-3." In Table 3 of Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), 23rd Adaptation to Technical Progress (harmonised list as of 2026-07-07). Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency, 2026. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.

⚠ IARC — Gruppo 3: non classificabile quanto alla cancerogenicità per l'uomo (valutato dall'IARC). (Valutazione indipendente delle evidenze di cancerogenicità da parte di IARC/WHO — integra la classificazione CLP soprastante.)
Riferimento (Chicago): IARC. n.d. IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans: CAS 74-85-1. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. https://monographs.iarc.who.int/list-of-classifications/.
Classificazione dall'elenco locale MOL-GOD (snapshot) — non verificata rispetto all'elenco IARC corrente. Verifica

Traduzioni: Regolamento CLP (CE) 1272/2008, Allegato III e IV. Dati: PubChem/NLM.

📚 Riferimenti scientifici consolidati — Chicago Author-Date 10 sources

Riferimenti raccolti da tutte le schede del Safety Hub. CAS: 74-85-1 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS, Normative
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. Primo soccorso, Tossicologia
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] Primo soccorso, DPI, Tossicologia
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] DPI
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] Smaltimento, Normative
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] Stoccaggio
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] Stoccaggio
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. Norme nazionali — Polonia [↗] Smaltimento
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] Tossicologia

Le schede con riferimenti propri (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) contengono ulteriori voci bibliografiche all'interno delle rispettive sezioni.

📈 Statistica analitica (t-test · RSD · Grubbs · Q-Dixon) ICH Q2

Incolla una serie di misure replicate (CSV oppure un numero per riga). Il calcolatore calcolerà la media, la deviazione standard e il 95% CI, e rileverà gli outlier (Grubbs + Dixon Q).

Separatore: virgola, spazio, tab, nuova riga. Min 3 misurazioni.
📐 Formule statistiche
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — media aritmetica
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — varianza campionaria
  • s = √s² — deviazione standard
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — deviazione standard relativa
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — test di Grubbs
  • Q = |xsuspect - xnearest| / |xmax - xmin| — Dixon Q-test

Fonte: ICH Q2(R2) Validation of Analytical Procedures · ICH PDF ↗

Stato farmacologico

Badania kliniczne Faza 3

Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
Approvato

Fase III — studi comparativi multicentrici su un'ampia popolazione.

ChEMBL CHEMBL117822 ↗

📅 Project Planner — Gestore degli esperimenti di laboratorio NOVITÀ

Pianifica l'intero progetto di laboratorio: aggiungi esperimenti con reagenti, repliche e durata. Otterrai un diagramma di Gantt, una lista degli acquisti (con link al negozio!), un budget con un margine del 10% e una matrice dei rischi GHS.

⚗️ Verifica la compatibilità della reazione
1 4 0
Salute: 1/4
Infiammabilità: 4/4
Reattività: 0/4
Secondo NFPA 704 / calcolato dai codici H

Verifica se Ethylene è compatibile con un altro reagente

📦 Matrice di compatibilità di stoccaggio
Acidi Bases Ossidanti Infiammabile Tossico Gazy
Acidi ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Bases ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
Ossidanti ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Infiammabile ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
Tossico ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ Conservabili insieme · ⚠ Attenzione · ✗ NON conservare insieme · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

Dati di compatibilità da: Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 Calcolatori da laboratorio (8)
Dilution (C₁V₁=C₂V₂)
Molarità (M=n/V)
Tampone pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
Beer-Lambert (A=εcl)
Massa → Moli
Concentration % → M
ppm → mg/L
Temperatura C↔F↔K

Formule verificate: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 Database di spettri spettroscopici
🏷️ Generatore di etichette (QR)
Etilene• Ethylene / Ethene• IUPAC: ethene• CAS: 74-85-1• EC: 200-815-3• Formula: C2H4• Massa: 28.05 g/molPERICOLOINDICAZIONI DI PERICOLO GHS:H220: Gas altamente infiammabile.H336: Può provocare sonnolenza o vertigini.P304+P340 P312 P501 P403+P233 P405 P261 P271Solo per uso di laboratorio!Nonsensia Ltd124-128 City Road, EC1V 2NX Londonpure@molgod.orgmolgod.orgN. lotto: Massa netta:
Incidenti storici (CSB/EPA/Bretherick)

Il database contiene esclusivamente incidenti industriali e di laboratorio gravi (CSB, EPA RMP, Bretherick). L'assenza di un record NON significa che la sostanza sia sicura — il database è incompleto.

Incidenti storici (1)

  1. 1989-10-23 Pasadena, Texas, USA (Phillips 66 Houston Chemical Complex, HCC) Catastrofica explosion
    Sostanze: Ethylene (high-pressure HDPE feed) (CAS 74-85-1) + Oxygen / atmospheric air ingress (CAS 7782-44-7)
    23 vittime 314 feriti

    Podczas konserwacji reaktora HDPE settling leg (rurociag 22") doszlo do otwarcia zaworu DEMCO w trakcie procedury maintenance. Uwolnienie ~38 ton mieszaniny etylen/izobutan/wodor stworzylo chmure gazowo-powietrzna, ktora zaplonila po ~90 sekundach (zrodlo nieustalone definitywnie). VCE o sile 2.4 ton TNT, zniszczyl HDPE complex.

    Causa radice: Single-block valve zamiast double-block-and-bleed. Procedury LO/TO niewlasciwe (compressed air zasilajacy aktuatory zaworow podlaczony do "open" zamiast "close" portow). Brak gas detection w okolicy reactora. Unauthorized work przy non-routine maintenance.
    Lezioni apprese: Double-block-and-bleed valve standard dla high-pressure reactor isolation. Kierunek pneumatic actuators musi byc fail-safe. OSHA PSM standard 29 CFR 1910.119 (1992) jest bezposrednim wynikiem tego incydentu.
    Fonte primaria: OSHA + Phillips 66 + peer-reviewed Process Safety literature
    Bibliografia (Chicago autore-data)
    • U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 1990. The Phillips 66 Company Houston Chemical Complex Explosion and Fire. Washington, DC: OSHA.
    • Atherton, John, and Frederic Gil. 2008. Incidents That Define Process Safety. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-AIChE.
    • Khan, Faisal I., and S. A. Abbasi. 1999. "Major Accidents in Process Industries and an Analysis of Causes and Consequences." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 12 (5): 361-378.
📚 Fonti dei dati sugli incidenti
  1. U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB). 2024. "CSB Incident Investigation Reports." Washington, DC: CSB. 🔗
  2. U.S. EPA / NOAA. 2024. "CAMEO Chemicals Database." Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 🔗
  3. BARPI (French Bureau for Analysis of Industrial Risks and Pollutions). 2024. "ARIA Database of Industrial Accident Reports." Saint-Denis: BARPI/DGPR. 🔗
  4. U.S. OSHA. 2024. "OSHA Accident Investigation Reports." Washington, DC: Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 🔗
  5. Urben, Peter G., ed. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. 8th ed. Oxford: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-08-100971-2.
  6. Mannan, Sam, ed. 2005. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 3rd ed. Oxford: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7506-7555-0.
  7. Hollnagel, Erik. 2004. Barriers and Accident Prevention. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-2271-9.
  8. Kletz, Trevor A. 2003. "Lessons from Disasters — How Organizations Have No Memory and Accidents Recur." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 81 (4): 283–287. 🔗
📚 Panoramica della letteratura scientifica — CAS 74-85-1
⭐ Risultati principali (letteratura scientifica) 8 publications
🏆 CAS 74-85-1 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30% citazioni · 20% recency · 20% topic · 15% historical · 15% open access.
  1. #1
    Zhang J, Liu Z, Farrar EJ et al. (2026) · Nature
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  2. #2
    Wang HQ, Zhao XY, Tang Z et al. (2025) · Nature communications
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  3. #3
    Ma X, Hasan MS, Anjam MS et al. (2025) · EMBO reports
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  4. #4
    Karim MM, Islam M, Miyabe MT et al. (2025) · Plant physiology
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  5. #5
    Das D, Varshney K, Ogawa S et al. (2025) · Nature communications
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  6. #6
    Nasiopoulou E, Michailidis M, Skodra C et al. (2025) · Plant physiology
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    Hao D, Xiao Z, Yan W et al. (2026) · Cell
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026)
    SCORE 4.8 Meccanismo DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  8. #8
    Perché è importante: Selezionate tramite punteggio multi-criterio (citations + recency + topic + historical + OA).
    SCORE 2.25 Meccanismo DOI ↗

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📄 Certificati di Analisi (CoA) CAS 74-85-1 nessuno

Nessun certificato per questo prodotto nel database.

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) — fare clic per espandere

Standard di gestione dei lotti e di certificazione di laboratorio — 13 fonti indipendenti (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [link ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [link ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [link ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [link ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [link ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [link ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [link ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [link ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [link ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [link ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [link ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [link ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [link ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
📜 Brevetti (metadati pubblici) nessun dato

Attualmente non sono stati trovati metadati brevettuali pubblici per questa sostanza in Crossref / OpenAlex. I dati verranno aggiornati automaticamente dopo il prossimo aggiornamento della cache (24h).

📚 Riferimenti (Chicago Author-Date) — fare clic per espandere
  1. World Intellectual Property Organization. 2024. "Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)." https://www.wipo.int/pct/.
  2. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 2024. "USPTO Patent Public Search." https://ppubs.uspto.gov/.
  3. European Patent Office. 2024. "Espacenet Patent Search." https://worldwide.espacenet.com/.
  4. Newman, David J., and Gordon M. Cragg. 2020. "Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019." Journal of Natural Products 83 (3): 770-803.
  5. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  6. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  7. Meanwell, Nicholas A. 2011. "Synopsis of Some Recent Tactical Application of Bioisosteres in Drug Design." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (8): 2529-2591.
  8. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of Synthetic Accessibility Score of Drug-Like Molecules Based on Molecular Complexity and Fragment Contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  9. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  10. Allison, John R., and Mark A. Lemley. 1998. "Empirical Evidence on the Validity of Litigated Patents." AIPLA Quarterly Journal 26 (3): 185-275.
  11. Patani, George A., and Edmond J. LaVoie. 1996. "Bioisosterism: A Rational Approach in Drug Design." Chemical Reviews 96 (8): 3147-3176.
  12. Lerner, Josh. 1994. "The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis." RAND Journal of Economics 25 (2): 319-333.

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📚 RIFERIMENTI (Bibliografia complessiva, Chicago Author-Date) 79 elementi

Tutte le fonti scientifiche citate negli accordion sopra per il CAS 74-85-1.Formato: Chicago Manual of Style 17ª ed., sistema Author-Date.

🗄️ Banche dati scientifiche

  1. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 74-85-1. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=74-85-1.
  2. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 74-85-1. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  3. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  4. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 74-85-1. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=74-85-1.

📐 Standard / Linee guida

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 Libri

  1. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  2. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  3. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780471879558.
  4. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  5. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📘 Monografie

  1. IARC. n.d. IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans: CAS 74-85-1. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. https://monographs.iarc.who.int/list-of-classifications/.

📄 Articoli scientifici (peer-reviewed)

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

🌐 Siti web

  1. ECHA. 2023. "Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/guidance-documents/guidance-on-clp.
  2. European Parliament. 2006. "Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH)." Official Journal of the European Union L 396: 1–849.
  3. ECHA. 2023. "Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table.
  4. European Parliament. 2008. "Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP)." Official Journal of the European Union L 353: 1–1355.
  5. ECHA. 2017. "Guidance on the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets." Version 3.1. European Chemicals Agency. ECHA-17-G-01-EN. https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/23047722/sds_en.pdf.
  6. ECHA. 2022. "Restrictions Under REACH — Annex XVII." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/substances-restricted-under-reach.
  7. United Nations. 2021. Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). 9th revised ed. ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.9. New York and Geneva: United Nations. https://unece.org/ghs-rev9-2021.
  8. ECHA. 2020. "Understanding REACH." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/reach/understanding-reach.
  9. ECHA — Allegato VI del CLP (classificazione armonizzata, ATP 23; 2026-07-07) https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "USP <621> Chromatography." In United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42. Rockville, MD: USP. https://www.uspnf.com/.
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "2.2.46 Chromatographic Separation Techniques." In European Pharmacopoeia, 11th ed. Strasbourg: Council of Europe — EDQM. https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-ph-eur-11th-edition.
  12. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2022. "ICH Q2(R2): Validation of Analytical Procedures." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/ICH_Q2%28R2%29_Guideline_2022_1130.pdf.
  13. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1996. "ICH Q3A: Impurities in New Drug Substances." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q3A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  14. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/66912.html.
  15. Kolthoff, Izaak Maurits, and Philip J. Elving, eds. 1978. Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, Part I: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
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📥 Scarica BibTeX📥 Scarica RISImportazione in Zotero/Mendeley/EndNote/Papers.
📜 Licenza e provenienza
COMPUTED — PubChem3D · 3D conformer computed by PubChem using OMEGA; not an experimental structure.
Modello
ethylene · 74-85-1
InChIKey
VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Licenza
CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Attribuzione
MolGod Scientific — ethylene (CAS 74-85-1)
Scheda di licenza e provenienza
ethylene (CAS 74-85-1) →
Scheda molecolare MolGod
ethylene →
Dati di origine
PubChem CID 6325 ↗
Informazioni sul modello
STL generato da MolGod · MolGod STL Exporter build 48804cd20b0d · generato il 2026-10-14
SHA-256 (STL)
d9d7f511504e1108ced1f6055b5f0d4ae61a618578c05986ed42594de713c31b
MD5 (STL)
9c7f6bf9f97ed6bca45c493213e71777
MolGod Identification Number
MG_239-282-733-11
Trasformazione
Mesh a sfere e bastoncini MolGod Scientific
Modifiche
Convertito in una mesh molecolare triangolata; coordinate atomiche e connettività invariate.
Wikimedia Commons
STL · PNG
Modello di molecola gratuito da stampare
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Questa licenza si applica alla mesh STL creata da MolGod, non automaticamente al materiale di origine di terzi.