Calcium Carbonate (CAS 471-34-1) — GHS/CLP hazard label — MolGod.org
Calcium Carbonate (CAS 471-34-1) — GHS/CLP hazard label — MolGod.org

Calcium Carbonate (CAS 471-34-1)

Химически осажденный мел Socal P3. CAS 471-34-1.

Free, and generated automatically from the sources listed on this page. No person has reviewed it, and it describes the substance in general — not your material, your process or your intended market.

REACH 2020/878
v5 · 21.10.2026

Section 9 — physicochemical properties: 2 of 22 established.

We show what is established and name what is not. Classification and identity are complete on every card; section 9 is where public data is thin.

DOCUMENTATION AND 3D PRINTED MODELS ONLY

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Documentation available for this substance: safety data sheet · CLP label · certificate of analysis on request · specification. Languages: the official language of your destination market, produced per card.

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What you receive — and what this is not

What you receive

  • A digital PDF safety data sheet in the sixteen-section structure of REACH Annex II (Regulation 1907/2006).
  • Substance identification, hazard classification, physicochemical, toxicological and ecological information, and regulatory references.
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What this is not

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Where the available evidence does not support a value, the sheet states that the value is not established rather than estimating one. A field with no recorded source is marked as such.

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  • sources.txt — every citation with the date it was read.
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About the language versions

These switch the language of this page. Single substances. Mixtures on enquiry. One document, one language — additional languages are priced separately. Every version, including the Chinese one, is written to EU law — (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex II and (EU) 2020/878 — and translated from it. The Chinese version is a reference translation, not a legally valid document for the Chinese market: an SDS for China must be compiled separately to GB/T 16483 and GB/T 17519.

🧬 3D Molecule Visualizer
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3D model Calcium Carbonate, CAS 471-34-1, molecular formula CaCO₃, molar mass 100.09 g/mol

Data transcribed from regulatory registers and technical literature, with the source and edition stated. It does not replace the supplier's safety data sheet. Fields without a recorded source are marked as such.

📊 Physicochemical data — CAS 471-34-1
📊 Physicochemical properties

Quick Reference

Formula: CaCO₃
MW: 100.09 g/mol
CAS: 471-34-1
Odour: Bez zapachu
🔬 Advanced Properties

Chemical Identifiers

SMILES: C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2]

Last updated: 2026-09-02

Chemical Overview: Calcium Carbonate
Molecular formulaCaCO₃[1]
Molecular weight100.09 g/mol[1]
IUPAC namecalcium carbonate[1]
SMILESC(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2][1]
InChIKeyVTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L[1]

Synonyms: CALCIUM CARBONATE · 471-34-1 · Aeromatt · Calcium carbonate (1:1) · Carbonic acid calcium salt (1:1)

Data sources: PubChem (NLM/NIH)
Last updated: 2026-09-02

📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) (1 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ applies to: Molecular formula · Molecular weight · IUPAC name · SMILES · InChIKey

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

[1]Europe PMC2026
Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemical behaviour of calcium carbonate nanoparticles derived from automobile oxy-acetylene gas welding waste.
et al.. (2026). "Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemical behaviour of calcium carbonate nanoparticles derived from automobile oxy-acetylene gas welding waste.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-
Go to full study ↗
[2]Europe PMC2026
The glass transition of biologically secreted amorphous calcium carbonate.
et al.. (2026). "The glass transition of biologically secreted amorphous calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ma00224b
Go to full study ↗
[3]Europe PMC2026
Synthesis of Nanoscale Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: Additive-Free Precipitation and Chain-like Structure Evolution.
et al.. (2026). "Synthesis of Nanoscale Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: Additive-Free Precipitation and Chain-like Structure Evolution.". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19091879
Go to full study ↗
[4]Europe PMC2026
Bioprecipitation of Calcium Carbonate by Rhodococcus erythropolis.
et al.. (2026). "Bioprecipitation of Calcium Carbonate by Rhodococcus erythropolis.". https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozag058
Go to full study ↗
[5]Europe PMC2026
Comparative efficacy of chitosan and calcium carbonate-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in preclinical in vivo models: a systematic…
(2026). "Comparative efficacy of chitosan and calcium carbonate-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in preclinical in vivo models: a systematic review.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00187-3
Go to full study ↗
[6]Europe PMC2026
Development of high-performance sustainable epoxy bio-composites reinforced with banana fibre and marine shell-derived calcium carbonate filler.
et al.. (2026). "Development of high-performance sustainable epoxy bio-composites reinforced with banana fibre and marine shell-derived calcium carbonate filler.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-5
Go to full study ↗
[7]Europe PMC2026
Physicochemical synergy and rheological performance of asphalt mastics modified with industrial waste precipitated calcium carbonate.
(2026). "Physicochemical synergy and rheological performance of asphalt mastics modified with industrial waste precipitated calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-49205-8
Go to full study ↗
[8]Europe PMC2026
Facile Fabrication and Stable Mechanism of a Microscale Heavy Calcium Carbonate Suspension.
et al.. (2026). "Facile Fabrication and Stable Mechanism of a Microscale Heavy Calcium Carbonate Suspension.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c01474
Go to full study ↗
📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) 24 refs · 2 baz

MOLECULE Per-CAS bibliography (live from 13+ databases)

Sources: db:Europe PMC (20) · db:pubmed (4)

  1. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemical behaviour of calcium carbonate nanoparticles derived from automobile oxy-acetylene gas welding waste.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04796-z →
  2. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "The glass transition of biologically secreted amorphous calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ma00224b →
  3. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Synthesis of Nanoscale Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: Additive-Free Precipitation and Chain-like Structure Evolution.". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19091879 →
  4. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Bioprecipitation of Calcium Carbonate by Rhodococcus erythropolis.". https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozag058 →
  5. db:Europe PMC (2026). "Comparative efficacy of chitosan and calcium carbonate-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in preclinical in vivo models: a systematic review.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00187-3 →
  6. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Development of high-performance sustainable epoxy bio-composites reinforced with banana fibre and marine shell-derived calcium carbonate filler.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-57564-5 →
  7. db:Europe PMC (2026). "Physicochemical synergy and rheological performance of asphalt mastics modified with industrial waste precipitated calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-49205-8 →
  8. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Facile Fabrication and Stable Mechanism of a Microscale Heavy Calcium Carbonate Suspension.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c01474 →
  9. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Strength and leaching characteristics of stabilized ionic rare earth tailings by microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation.". https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0347415 →
  10. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Biowaste-Archetyped Hierarchical Calcium Carbonate Nanoreactors Induce Tumor Bioenergetic Crisis and Reverse Cisplatin Resistance via Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6c01369 →
  11. db:Europe PMC (2026). "Eco-friendly nanocarriers for mosquito larvicide: calcium carbonate submicron particles encapsulating plant extracts.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-00905-x →
  12. db:Europe PMC (2026). "Valorization of Eggshell Waste into Bioaccessible and Non-toxic Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Nutritional Applications.". https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010426282260305054401 →
  13. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Calcium Carbonate-Stabilized Nano-Caffeine Emulsion Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Fibrotic Pathways in Type 2 Diabetic Rats with HPLC-Quantified Cardiac Caffeine Levels.". https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s573949 →
  14. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Calcium carbonate casein-based composite microspheres with mycogenic copper nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and plant growth promotion.". https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae99eb →
  15. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Crystal structure of calcium carbonate coating modulates degradation and bone formation of biodegradable magnesium.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2026.08.009 →
  16. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "The synergistic effect between acidic carboxylic and basic amino molecules in the chiral hierarchical suprastructure of calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01004k →
  17. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2025). "Sustainable Valorization of Mussel Shell Waste: Processing for Calcium Carbonate Recovery and Hydroxyapatite Production.". https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb17010024 →
  18. db:Europe PMC (2025). "Biomedical Applications of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles: A Review of Recent Advances.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c00992 →
  19. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2025). "Biomimetic cell membrane decorated calcium carbonate nanoparticles with asparaginase-metformin preloading for leukemia therapy.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03962-2 →
  20. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2025). "Engineered calcium carbonate-modiated SAzymes with Mn-based single-atom sites for ultrasound-enhanced nanocatalytic therapy.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102463 →
  21. db:pubmed Erdmann N, Strieth D. (2022). "Influencing factors on ureolytic microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation for biocementation.". World journal of microbiology & biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03499-8 →
  22. db:pubmed Mozafari M, Banijamali S, Baino F et al.. (2019). "Calcium carbonate: Adored and ignored in bioactivity assessment.". Acta biomaterialia. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.039 →
  23. db:pubmed Al Omari MM, Rashid IS, Qinna NA et al.. (2016). "Calcium Carbonate.". Profiles of drug substances, excipients, and related methodology. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.11.003 →
  24. db:pubmed Cartwright JH, Checa AG, Gale JD et al.. (2012). "Calcium carbonate polyamorphism and its role in biomineralization: how many amorphous calcium carbonates are there?". Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201203125 →
Regulatory status of the substance
No entries for this CAS in the restriction lists checked (SVHC candidate list, REACH Annex XVII; datasets incomplete — this is not a confirmation of compliance). CLP classification and transport status (ADR): see the GHS section and the safety data sheet (SDS).
🧮 Stoichiometry Calculator
🧪 Chemical Data
CAS Number
471-34-1
Molecular formula
CaCO₃
Molar mass
100.09 g/mol
IUPAC name (EN)
calcium carbonate
SMILES
C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2]
InChIKey
VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L
📚 Related literature (20 articles)

Matched automatically from public bibliographic databases by text similarity. Not curated for this substance, and not part of the safety data sheet.

Filter:
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📡 Data sources

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Density
2.825

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-09-02

🔍 External identifiers
14 of 16 ID systems88%
DatabaseIdentifierActions
CAS Registry Number471-34-1Open →
PubChem CID10112[1]Open →
InChIKeyVTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L[1]Open →
InChIInChI=1S/CH2O3.Ca/c2-1(3)4;/h(H2,2,3,4);/q;+2/p-…[1]
SMILESC(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2][1]
EC Number207-439-9[2]Open →
ChEMBLCHEMBL1200539[3]Open →
DrugBankDB06724Open →
KEGG CompoundD00932Open →
HMDBHMDB0303230Open →
ChemSpider9708[4]Open →
MeSH UID (NLM)D002119Open →
UNII (FDA)H0G9379FGKOpen →
WikiData QIDQ23767Open →

Sources: PubChem (NIH), Wikidata SPARQL, KEGG, ChEMBL (EBI), CompTox CTX (EPA).

📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) (4 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ applies to: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ applies to: EC Number
  3. ChEMBL. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), bioactivity database. ↗ applies to: ChEMBL
  4. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ applies to: ChemSpider

Further reading

Publications thematically related to this CAS. They are not the source of any value shown on this card.

Extended Bibliography (5)

  1. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ unverified Özen, İlhan, Şimşek, Süleyman. 2015. "Vital importance of moisture level in all stages of processing from calcium carbonate coating through polyethylene/calcium carbonate compounding to film generation." Powder Technology 270: 320-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.10.038. link [accessed: 2026-11-05] CC0 (metadata)
  2. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ unverified Kuhlmann, Ralph. 2001. "Calcium Carbonate - A Versatile Mineral." Calcium Carbonate: 275-311. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8245-3_12. link [accessed: 2026-11-05] CC0 (metadata)
  3. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ unverified Anonymous. "calcium carbonate with calcium lactate gluconate.". https://doi.org/10.18578/bnfc.199276067. link [accessed: 2026-11-05] CC0 (metadata)
  4. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ unverified Anonymous. "Calcium Carbonate Skeletal Material Is Synthesized via Phase Transition of the Calcium Carbonate Cartilaginous Material.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b01420.s001. link [accessed: 2026-11-05] CC0 (metadata)
  5. ★★☆☆☆ Crossref 🔓 OPEN ❓ unverified Anonymous. "calcium carbonate with calcium lactate gluconate.". https://doi.org/10.18578/bnf.199276067. link [accessed: 2026-11-05] CC0 (metadata)
📡 Spectroscopy — CAS 471-34-1
📊 Spectra (NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis) (1)

Available spectrum types: IR

IR spectrum (KBr, 4000-400 cm⁻¹)

453 data points · Source: NIST WebBook · NIST ↗ · 📥 JCAMP-DX
🎓 Spectrum interpretation guide (for students)
How to read an IR spectrum
  • 3200-3600 cm⁻¹ — O-H stretch (broad peak = hydrogen bonding)
  • 2850-3000 cm⁻¹ — C-H stretch (sp³)
  • 1650-1750 cm⁻¹ — C=O stretch (ketones, aldehydes, esters)
  • 1400-1600 cm⁻¹ — aromatic ring vibrations
  • 1000-1300 cm⁻¹ — C-O stretch (ethers, alcohols)
  • No absorption = no functional group → compare with a reference

Sources: LibreTexts ↗, Silverstein (Spectrometric ID) ↗

📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) (7 sources)
  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2024. "NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69." Gaithersburg, MD: NIST. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  2. Spectral Database for Organic Structure Determination (SDBS). 2024. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  3. Ulrich, Eldon L., Hideo Akutsu, John F. Doreleijers, Yoko Harano, Yannis E. Ioannidis, Jundong Lin, Miron Livny, et al. 2008. "BioMagResBank." Nucleic Acids Research 36 (D1): D402–D408. [DOI ↗]
  4. Horai, Hisayuki, Masanori Arita, Shigehiko Kanaya, Yoshito Nihei, Tasuku Ikeda, Kazuhiro Suwa, Yuya Ojima, et al. 2010. "MassBank: A Public Repository for Sharing Mass Spectral Data for Life Sciences." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 45 (7): 703–714. [DOI ↗]
  5. Linstrom, P.J., and W.G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗
  6. McDonald, M. Shane, Mike McAvoy, and Ajit Bhalerao. 1988. "JCAMP-DX: A Standard Form for Exchange of Infrared Spectra in Computer Readable Form." Applied Spectroscopy 42 (1): 151–162. [DOI ↗]
  7. PubChem. 2024. "PubChem Compound Database." National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
Structural properties
ParameterValueUnit
Molecular formulaCCaO3
Molar mass100.09g/mol
Exact mass99.9473347Da
Monoisotopic mass99.9473347Da
Topological polar surface area (TPSA)63.2000Ų
Complexity index18.8
Hydrogen bond donors0
Hydrogen bond acceptors3
Rotatable bonds0
Heavy atoms5
Stereocentres (atoms)0
Stereocentres (bonds)0
Number of 3D conformers0

Source: PubChem Computed Properties, CID 10112

❓ Frequently asked questions (5)
What is Calcium Carbonate?
Calcium Carbonate (CAS 471-34-1) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CCaO3 and a molecular weight of 100.09 g/mol. The chemical data comes from PubChem (National Institutes of Health, USA).
Helpful?
What is the CAS number of Calcium Carbonate?
The CAS number for Calcium Carbonate is 471-34-1. A CAS Registry Number is the standard identifier for a chemical substance in scientific literature and in trade.
Helpful?
What is the chemical formula of Calcium Carbonate?
The molecular formula of Calcium Carbonate is CCaO3. Its molecular weight is 100.09 g/mol.
Helpful?
What is the density of Calcium Carbonate?
The density of Calcium Carbonate is 2.7606.
Helpful?
How should Calcium Carbonate be stored?
Calcium Carbonate should be stored as its safety data sheet directs — typically in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat and from materials it is incompatible with.
Helpful?
➕ Suggest a question
Download structure files

Molecular structure files from the PubChem database (NIH). Compatible with Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, and ChemDraw.

Source: PubChem, National Library of Medicine (NIH). CID: 10112

🔄 Concentration unit converter LIVE

Enter the Calcium Carbonate concentration in any unit — the rest will be calculated automatically.

MW: 100.09 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ Conversion formulas + citations (per formula)
ConversionFormulaAccuracySource
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliography (8 authoritative sources)
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811e2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Similar molecular structures

Loading similar structures...

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Calculations per: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, Merck ↗

Computational chemistry

Molecular descriptors

ParameterValueUnit
Topological polar surface area (TPSA)63.20Ų
Complexity index18.8
Formal charge0
neutral molecule

Shape and volume

ParameterValueUnit
Rotatable bonds0
Heavy atoms5

Source: PubChem Computed Properties, CID 10112

🛡️ Safety — CAS 471-34-1
Data limitations notice. The safety information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a full safety data sheet (SDS). Before using the product, consult the manufacturer's current safety data sheet and the GHS/CLP guidance. The CLP classification applies to the pure bulk substance, not to commercial formulations.

No harmonised GHS classification for this substance — see the supplier's current safety data sheet (SDS).

📚 Consolidated scientific references — Chicago Author-Date 10 sources

References collected from all Safety Hub tabs. CAS: 471-34-1 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS, Regulations
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. First aid, Toxicology
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] First aid, PPE, Toxicology
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] PPE
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] Disposal, Regulations
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] Storage
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] Storage
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. National rules — Poland [↗] Disposal
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] Toxicology

Tabs with their own references (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) contain additional bibliographic entries within their respective sections.

📈 Analytical statistics (t-test · RSD · Grubbs · Q-Dixon) ICH Q2

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📐 Statistical formulas
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — arithmetic mean
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — sample variance
  • s = √s² — standard deviation
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — relative standard deviation
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — Grubbs' test
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Source: ICH Q2(R2) Validation of Analytical Procedures · ICH PDF ↗

🧪 Buffer Recipe Calculator UNIQUE
References: pKa values from Goldberg NIST 81 · CRC Handbook 100th ed. · Stoll & Blanchard 1990 (DOI)

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Pharmacological Status

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🧪 Solubility and solvent compatibility
Molecule
Calcium Carbonate
Formula
CaCO₃
logP (XLogP3)
—
Mass (g/mol)
100.09
Polarity
—

⚠️ GC estimate (Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen). No literature HSP data for this CAS — precision ±2 MPa½. Verify experimentally.

Solvent compatibility table not available for this substance.
The Hansen parameters fall outside the range of the method, so the distance Ra cannot be calculated, and the database holds no solubility measurement to put in its place. Rather than eleven ratings with nothing behind them, we show none. Base the solvent choice on the safety data sheet and on experimental data.
📚 Scientific references for solvents (Chicago Author-Date) — click to expand

11 solvents · 54 full citations (NIST/CRC/IARC/Hansen/Reichardt/Smallwood/Wypych/Armarego/Snyder/GESTIS) — below.

Water (H₂O)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Water (CAS 7732-18-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 104th ed., Sec. 8 (Properties of Water)
  3. IAPWS — IAPWS Release on Static Dielectric Constant of Water
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Water
Ethanol (EtOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Ethanol (CAS 64-17-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Ethanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — Ethanol eluotropic
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Ethanol
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Ethanol
Methanol (MeOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Methanol (CAS 67-56-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Methanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — MeOH eluotropic, eo=0.95
  4. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Methanol
Acetone
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetone (CAS 67-64-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetone physical & thermodynamic constants
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Acetone (dD=15.5, dP=10.4, dH=7.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Acetone
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetone
Acetonitrile (ACN)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetonitrile constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — ACN gold-standard HPLC eluent
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — ACN dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetonitrile
DMSO
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — DMSO (CAS 67-68-5)
  2. Wypych 2019 — Handbook of Solvents Vol. 1 — DMSO comprehensive properties
  3. Hansen 2007 — HSP — DMSO (dD=18.4, dP=16.4, dH=10.2)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DMSO E_T(30)=45.1, dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — DMSO
THF
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — THF (CAS 109-99-9)
  2. Armarego 2009 — Purification of Laboratory Chemicals — THF drying & peroxide test
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — THF (dD=16.8, dP=5.7, dH=8.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — THF
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Tetrahydrofuran
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Dichloromethane (CAS 75-09-2)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — DCM (Group 2A carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — DCM (dD=18.2, dP=6.3, dH=6.1)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DCM polarity index
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Dichloromethane
Chloroform (CHCl₃)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Chloroform (CAS 67-66-3)
  2. IARC 73 — IARC Monograph 73 — Chloroform (Group 2B carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — CHCl3 (dD=17.8, dP=3.1, dH=5.7)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — CHCl3 H-bond donor strength
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Chloroform
n-Hexane
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — n-Hexane (CAS 110-54-3)
  2. ATSDR n-Hexane — ATSDR Toxicological Profile for n-Hexane — peripheral neuropathy (n-hexane is NOT an IARC carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — n-Hexane (dD=14.9, dP=0, dH=0)
  4. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — n-Hexane NP standard, eo=0.00
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — n-Hexane
Toluene
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Toluene (CAS 108-88-3)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — Toluene
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Toluene (dD=18.0, dP=1.4, dH=2.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Toluene
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Toluene
Solubility theory (applied in compatibility prediction):
  1. Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — HSP triplet (dD, dP, dH) + Ra formula.
  3. Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
  4. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solvatochromism.
  5. Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
  6. Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution for dD/dP/dH from SMILES.
  7. Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — Complete tabular set of 250+ solvents (ε, μ, donicity, acceptor numbers).
  8. PubChem Compound Database — CAS 471-34-1 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.

Full bibliography in the REFERENCES accordion (at the bottom of the page) — Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date.

⚗️ Check reaction compatibility

Check whether Calcium Carbonate is compatible with another reagent

📦 Storage compatibility matrix
Acids Bases Oxidizers Flammable Toxic Gazy
Acids ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Bases ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
Oxidizers ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Flammable ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
Toxic ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ Can be stored together · ⚠ Caution · ✗ Do NOT store together · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

Compatibility data from: Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 Laboratory calculators (8)
Dilution (C₁V₁=C₂V₂)
Molarity (M=n/V)
pH Buffer (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
Beer-Lambert (A=εcl)
Mass → Moles
Concentration % → M
ppm → mg/L
Temperature C↔F↔K

Verified formulas: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 Spectroscopic Databases
📋 Laboratory protocol generator

Protocol generated based on: GHS SDS, Aldrich Lab Guide ↗

🏷️ Label generator (QR)
Calcium Carbonate• Aeromatt / Calcium carbonate (1:1)• IUPAC: calcium carbonate• CAS: 471-34-1• EC: 207-439-9• Formula: CaCO3• Mass: 100.09 g/molNonsensia Ltd124-128 City Road, EC1V 2NX London[email protected]molgod.orgBatch No.: Net Mass:
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📚 Scientific literature overview — CAS 471-34-1
⭐ Key findings (scientific literature) 20 publications
🏆 CAS 471-34-1 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30% citations · 20% recency · 20% topic · 15% historical · 15% open access.
  1. #1
    et al. (2025) · Journal of Functional Biomaterials
    Why it matters: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 8.86 Industrial Citations: 3 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  2. #2
    et al. (2026) · Materials
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 8.65 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  3. #3
    et al. (2026) · Discover Nano
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.85 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  4. #4
    et al. (2026) · Materials Advances
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Industrial Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  5. #5
    Alireza Azarhoosh (2026) · Scientific Reports
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Industrial Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  6. #6
    Luz Marina Gómez Alvarez; Lenka Toro; Jose Edgar Zapata Montoya (2026) · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Industrial Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    Wilman Rante Marampa; Renny Febrida; Nina Djustiana (2026) · The Saudi Dental Journal
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Pharmacology Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  8. #8
    et al. (2026) · Microscopy and Microanalysis
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  9. #9
    et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  10. #10
    et al. (2026) · PLOS One
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  11. #11
    et al. (2026) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  12. #12
    et al. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology
    Why it matters: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Pharmacology Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  13. #13
    Madhawa Pradeepa Nawarathne; Chathuranga Dharmarathne (2026) · Tropical Medicine and Health
    Why it matters: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  14. #14
    et al. (2025) · Materials Today Bio
    Why it matters: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanism Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  15. #15
    Erdmann N, Strieth D (2022) · World journal of microbiology & biotechnology
    Why it matters: Review · open access
    SCORE 5.85 Review Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  16. #16
    Victoriya K. Popova; Dmitrii V. Pyshnyi; Elena V. Dmitrienko (2025) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
    Why it matters: Recent (2025)
    SCORE 5.7 Mechanism Citations: 1 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  17. #17
    et al. (2026) · Langmuir
    Why it matters: Recent (2026)
    SCORE 5.6 Mechanism DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  18. #18
    Cartwright JH, Checa AG, Gale JD et al. (2012) · Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
    Why it matters: Review · open access
    SCORE 2.85 Review Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  19. #19
    Mozafari M, Banijamali S, Baino F et al. (2019) · Acta biomaterialia
    Why it matters: Review
    SCORE 2.7 Review DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  20. #20
    Al Omari MM, Rashid IS, Qinna NA et al. (2016) · Profiles of drug substances, excipients, and related methodology
    Why it matters: Review
    SCORE 1.8 Review DOI ↗ PubMed ↗

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Химически осажденный мел Socal P3 — CAS 471-34-1. Prepared from the supplier’s public catalogue; not verified against their internal data.

📄 Certificates of Analysis (CoA) CAS 471-34-1 none

No certificates for this product in the database.

📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) — click to expand

Batch management and laboratory certification standards — 13 independent sources (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [link ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [link ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [link ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [link ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [link ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [link ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [link ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [link ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [link ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [link ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [link ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [link ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [link ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
📜 Patents (public metadata) no data

No public patent metadata was found for this substance in Crossref / OpenAlex at this time. Data will be updated automatically after the next cache refresh (24h).

📚 References (Chicago Author-Date) — click to expand
  1. et al.. (2026). "Synthesis, characterisation and electrochemical behaviour of calcium carbonate nanoparticles derived from automobile oxy-acetylene gas welding waste.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04796-z
  2. et al.. (2026). "The glass transition of biologically secreted amorphous calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ma00224b
  3. et al.. (2026). "Synthesis of Nanoscale Precipitated Calcium Carbonate: Additive-Free Precipitation and Chain-like Structure Evolution.". https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19091879
  4. et al.. (2026). "Bioprecipitation of Calcium Carbonate by Rhodococcus erythropolis.". https://doi.org/10.1093/mam/ozag058
  5. (2026). "Comparative efficacy of chitosan and calcium carbonate-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in preclinical in vivo models: a systematic review.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-026-00187-3
  6. et al.. (2026). "Development of high-performance sustainable epoxy bio-composites reinforced with banana fibre and marine shell-derived calcium carbonate filler.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-57564-5
  7. (2026). "Physicochemical synergy and rheological performance of asphalt mastics modified with industrial waste precipitated calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-49205-8
  8. et al.. (2026). "Facile Fabrication and Stable Mechanism of a Microscale Heavy Calcium Carbonate Suspension.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c01474
  9. et al.. (2026). "Strength and leaching characteristics of stabilized ionic rare earth tailings by microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation.". https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0347415
  10. et al.. (2026). "Biowaste-Archetyped Hierarchical Calcium Carbonate Nanoreactors Induce Tumor Bioenergetic Crisis and Reverse Cisplatin Resistance via Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6c01369
  11. (2026). "Eco-friendly nanocarriers for mosquito larvicide: calcium carbonate submicron particles encapsulating plant extracts.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-00905-x
  12. (2026). "Valorization of Eggshell Waste into Bioaccessible and Non-toxic Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Nutritional Applications.". https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892010426282260305054401
  13. et al.. (2026). "Calcium Carbonate-Stabilized Nano-Caffeine Emulsion Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Fibrotic Pathways in Type 2 Diabetic Rats with HPLC-Quantified Cardiac Caffeine Levels.". https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s573949
  14. et al.. (2026). "Calcium carbonate casein-based composite microspheres with mycogenic copper nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and plant growth promotion.". https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ae99eb
  15. et al.. (2026). "Crystal structure of calcium carbonate coating modulates degradation and bone formation of biodegradable magnesium.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2026.08.009
  16. et al.. (2026). "The synergistic effect between acidic carboxylic and basic amino molecules in the chiral hierarchical suprastructure of calcium carbonate.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d6mh01004k
  17. et al.. (2025). "Sustainable Valorization of Mussel Shell Waste: Processing for Calcium Carbonate Recovery and Hydroxyapatite Production.". https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb17010024
  18. (2025). "Biomedical Applications of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles: A Review of Recent Advances.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c00992
  19. et al.. (2025). "Biomimetic cell membrane decorated calcium carbonate nanoparticles with asparaginase-metformin preloading for leukemia therapy.". https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-025-03962-2
  20. et al.. (2025). "Engineered calcium carbonate-modiated SAzymes with Mn-based single-atom sites for ultrasound-enhanced nanocatalytic therapy.". https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102463
  21. Erdmann N, Strieth D. (2022). "Influencing factors on ureolytic microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation for biocementation.". World journal of microbiology & biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-022-03499-8
  22. Mozafari M, Banijamali S, Baino F et al.. (2019). "Calcium carbonate: Adored and ignored in bioactivity assessment.". Acta biomaterialia. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.039
  23. Al Omari MM, Rashid IS, Qinna NA et al.. (2016). "Calcium Carbonate.". Profiles of drug substances, excipients, and related methodology. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.11.003
  24. World Intellectual Property Organization. 2024. "Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)." https://www.wipo.int/pct/.
  25. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 2024. "USPTO Patent Public Search." https://ppubs.uspto.gov/.
  26. European Patent Office. 2024. "Espacenet Patent Search." https://worldwide.espacenet.com/.
  27. Newman, David J., and Gordon M. Cragg. 2020. "Natural Products as Sources of New Drugs over the Nearly Four Decades from 01/1981 to 09/2019." Journal of Natural Products 83 (3): 770-803.
  28. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  29. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  30. Meanwell, Nicholas A. 2011. "Synopsis of Some Recent Tactical Application of Bioisosteres in Drug Design." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (8): 2529-2591.
  31. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of Synthetic Accessibility Score of Drug-Like Molecules Based on Molecular Complexity and Fragment Contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  32. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  33. Allison, John R., and Mark A. Lemley. 1998. "Empirical Evidence on the Validity of Litigated Patents." AIPLA Quarterly Journal 26 (3): 185-275.
  34. Patani, George A., and Edmond J. LaVoie. 1996. "Bioisosterism: A Rational Approach in Drug Design." Chemical Reviews 96 (8): 3147-3176.
  35. Lerner, Josh. 1994. "The Importance of Patent Scope: An Empirical Analysis." RAND Journal of Economics 25 (2): 319-333.

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📚 REFERENCES (Aggregate bibliography, Chicago Author-Date) 77 items

All scientific sources cited in the accordions above for CAS 471-34-1. Format: Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date system.

🗄️ Scientific databases

  1. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 471-34-1. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=471-34-1.
  2. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 471-34-1. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  3. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  4. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 471-34-1. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=471-34-1.

📐 Standards / Guidelines

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 Books

  1. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  2. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  3. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9780471879558.
  4. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  5. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📄 Scientific articles (peer-reviewed)

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

🌐 Websites

  1. ECHA. 2023. "Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/guidance-documents/guidance-on-clp.
  2. European Parliament. 2006. "Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH)." Official Journal of the European Union L 396: 1–849.
  3. ECHA. 2023. "Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table.
  4. European Parliament. 2008. "Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP)." Official Journal of the European Union L 353: 1–1355.
  5. ECHA. 2017. "Guidance on the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets." Version 3.1. European Chemicals Agency. ECHA-17-G-01-EN. https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/23047722/sds_en.pdf.
  6. ECHA. 2022. "Restrictions Under REACH — Annex XVII." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/substances-restricted-under-reach.
  7. United Nations. 2021. Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). 9th revised ed. ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.9. New York and Geneva: United Nations. https://unece.org/ghs-rev9-2021.
  8. ECHA. 2020. "Understanding REACH." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/reach/understanding-reach.
  9. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "USP <621> Chromatography." In United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42. Rockville, MD: USP. https://www.uspnf.com/.
  10. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "2.2.46 Chromatographic Separation Techniques." In European Pharmacopoeia, 11th ed. Strasbourg: Council of Europe — EDQM. https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-ph-eur-11th-edition.
  11. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2022. "ICH Q2(R2): Validation of Analytical Procedures." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/ICH_Q2%28R2%29_Guideline_2022_1130.pdf.
  12. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1996. "ICH Q3A: Impurities in New Drug Substances." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q3A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  13. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/66912.html.
  14. Kolthoff, Izaak Maurits, and Philip J. Elving, eds. 1978. Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, Part I: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
  15. Skoog, Douglas A., F. James Holler, and Stanley R. Crouch. 2018. Principles of Instrumental Analysis. 7th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
  16. Christian, Gary D., Purnendu K. Dasgupta, and Kevin A. Schug. 2014. Analytical Chemistry. 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  17. EURACHEM/CITAC. 2012. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement." 3rd ed. EURACHEM/CITAC Guide CG 4. https://www.eurachem.org/images/stories/Guides/pdf/QUAM2012_P1.pdf.
  18. International Organization for Standardization. 1994. "ISO 5725-2:1994 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/11834.html.
  19. Heckert, N. A., and J. J. Filliben. 2003. "NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods." NIST Handbook 151. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/.
  20. Grubbs, Frank E. 1950. "Sample Criteria for Testing Outlying Observations." Annals of Mathematical Statistics 21 (1): 27–58.
  21. Dixon, Wilfrid J. 1950. "Analysis of Extreme Values." Annals of Mathematical Statistics 21 (4): 488–506.
  22. Snedecor, George W., and William G. Cochran. 1989. Statistical Methods. 8th ed. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.
  23. Student [William Sealy Gosset]. 1908. "The Probable Error of a Mean." Biometrika 6 (1): 1–25.
  24. International Organization for Standardization. 2005. "ISO 3534-1:2006 Statistics — Vocabulary and Symbols — Part 1: General Statistical Terms and Terms Used in Probability." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/40145.html.
  25. Thompson, Michael, Stephen L. R. Ellison, and Roger Wood. 2002. "Harmonized Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Methods of Analysis." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74 (5): 835–855.
  26. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. 2024. European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR), Applicable as from 1 January 2025 (ECE/TRANS/352). Geneva: UNECE. https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/adr-2025-edition.
  27. International Air Transport Association. 2026. Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR). 67th ed. Montreal: IATA. https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/.
  28. International Maritime Organization. 2024. International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, 2024 Edition (Amendment 42-24). London: IMO. https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/DangerousGoods-default.aspx.
  29. United Nations. 2025. Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: Model Regulations (Orange Book). 24th revised ed. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.24. New York and Geneva: United Nations. https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/un-model-regulations.
  30. International Civil Aviation Organization. 2025. Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284). 2025–2026 ed. Montreal: ICAO. https://www.icao.int/safety/DangerousGoods/Pages/technical-instructions.aspx.
  31. European Commission. 2014. "Commission Decision 2014/955/EU on the list of waste pursuant to Directive 2008/98/EC." Official Journal of the European Union. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32014D0955.
  32. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2020. "Rozporządzenie Ministra Klimatu z dnia 2 stycznia 2020 r. w sprawie katalogu odpadów." Dziennik Ustaw RP 2020 poz. 10. https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20200000010. National rules — Poland
  33. Główny Inspektorat Ochrony Środowiska (GIOŚ). 2024. "Baza Danych O Odpadach (BDO) — System rejestracji firm utylizacyjnych." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska. https://bdo.mos.gov.pl/. National rules — Poland
  34. Polska — Sejm RP. 2012. "Ustawa z dnia 14 grudnia 2012 r. o odpadach." Dz.U. 2013 poz. 21 (z późn. zm.). https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20130000021. National rules — Poland
  35. Furr, A. Keith, ed.. 2000. "CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety." CRC Press.
  36. Pohanish, Richard P.. 2017. "Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens." Elsevier.
  37. Lewis, Richard J.. 2012. "Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials." Wiley.
  38. NIOSH. 2024. "Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/.
  39. OSHA. 2024. "Occupational Chemical Database — Hazardous Waste Operations (HAZWOPER)." Occupational Safety and Health Administration. https://www.osha.gov/chemicaldata.
  40. European Parliament and Council. 2008. "Directive 2008/98/EC on waste (Waste Framework Directive)." Official Journal of the European Union L 312/3. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008L0098.
  41. European Parliament and Council. 2009. "Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures." Official Journal of the European Union L 353. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1272.
  42. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2023. "European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." UNECE. https://unece.org/transport/standards/transport/dangerous-goods/adr-2025.
  43. IPCS INCHEM. 2024. "International Programme on Chemical Safety — Waste Management Guidelines." WHO/UNEP/ILO. https://www.inchem.org/.
  44. European Parliament and Council. 2006. "Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 on Shipments of Waste." Official Journal of the European Union L 190: 1–98. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32006R1013.
  45. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q7%20Guideline.pdf.
  46. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/66912.html.
  47. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/trs957-annex3.
  48. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  49. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q3A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  50. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q6A%20Guideline.pdf.
  51. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q10%20Guideline.pdf.
  52. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-211.
  53. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-process-validation-finished-products-information-data-be-provided-regulatory-submissions-revision-1_en.pdf.
  54. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. https://www.uspnf.com/.
  55. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-ph-eur-11th-edition.
  56. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. https://picscheme.org/en/publications.
  57. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. https://ipecamericas.org/sites/default/files/IPECPQGGMPGuide2017.pdf.
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📜 License & provenancePREDICTED MODEL · NOT VERIFIED
PREDICTED MODEL — NOT VERIFIED
computed by MolGod Scientific · experimental feature (beta) · may contain errors
ILLUSTRATIVE FRAGMENT ARRANGEMENT — relative positions are not structural data

No source 3-D conformer was available to MolGod for this substance. MolGod Scientific computed this geometry from the structural formula with RDKit 2026.03.6 (ETKDGv3 conformer generation, UFF force-field optimisation; lowest-energy converged conformer of a fixed-seed set). It is not a measured structure, it does not come from PubChem, and it has not been compared with experimental data. It shows one possible conformation.

This substance consists of 2 separate components (for example ions). Each component was computed separately; they are arranged radially around a layout anchor for visualisation only (at least 3.0 Å apart). Their relative positions are not a crystal structure, coordination geometry, ionic contacts or any experimentally determined arrangement.

Methods and references
  1. RDKit: Open-source cheminformatics, version 2026.03.6. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.22140358 (all versions: doi:10.5281/zenodo.591637)
  2. Riniker S, Landrum GA. Better Informed Distance Geometry: Using What We Know To Improve Conformation Generation. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2015, 55, 2562-2574. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00654
  3. Wang S, Witek J, Landrum GA, Riniker S. Improving Conformer Generation for Small Rings and Macrocycles Based on Distance Geometry and Experimental Torsional-Angle Preferences. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2020, 60, 2044-2058. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00025
  4. Rappe AK, Casewit CJ, Colwell KS, Goddard WA III, Skiff WM. UFF, a full periodic table force field for molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10024-10035. doi:10.1021/ja00051a040
  5. Heller SR, McNaught A, Pletnev I, Stein S, Tchekhovskoi D. InChI, the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier. J. Cheminform. 2015, 7, 23. doi:10.1186/s13321-015-0068-4
  6. Kim S, Chen J, Cheng T, et al. PubChem 2025 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2025, 53, D1516-D1525. doi:10.1093/nar/gkae1059 Compound record: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/10112
Model
Calcium Carbonate · 471-34-1
InChIKey
VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L
License & provenance record
Calcium Carbonate (CAS 471-34-1) →
MolGod molecule record
Calcium Carbonate →
Source data
PubChem CID 10112 ↗
Model information
not published yet

This license applies to the MolGod-created STL mesh, not automatically to third-party source material.