nickel carbonate (CAS 3333-67-3) — Safety Data Sheet
Safety data sheet documentation for nickel carbonate (CAS 3333-67-3), compiled to REACH Annex II with classification read against the harmonised entry in CLP Annex VI (H350i, H341, H360D, H332). Two options: a working draft sent by e-mail immediately, or a signed card issued within 72 hours of complete input. The item supplied is a document — MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.
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Section 9 — physicochemical properties: 2 of 22 established.
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A digital PDF safety data sheet in the sixteen-section structure of REACH Annex II (Regulation 1907/2006).
Substance identification, hazard classification, physicochemical, toxicological and ecological information, and regulatory references.
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The specification, and the certificate of analysis where batch data exists.
sources.txt — every citation with the date it was read.
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3D model Nickel carbonate, CAS 3333-67-3, molecular formula CNiO₃, molar mass 118.702 g/mol
Data transcribed from regulatory registers and technical literature, with the source and edition stated. It does not replace the supplier's safety data sheet. Fields without a recorded source are marked as such.
📊 Physicochemical data — CAS 3333-67-3
📊Physicochemical properties
Quick Reference
Formula:CNiO₃
MW:118.702 g/mol
CAS:3333-67-3
Appearance:Green rhombohedral crystals
🔬 Advanced Properties
Chemical Identifiers
SMILES:C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ni+2]
Last updated: 2026-08-25
📐Physical & Chemical Properties (DB)
1 fields MolGod Score: Reliable
PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗
applies to: Molecular formula · Molecular weight · IUPAC name · SMILES · InChIKey
Ballesteros FC, Salcedo AF, Vilando AC et al.. (2016). "Removal of nickel by homogeneous granulation in a fluidized-bed reactor.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.081
Zhu X, Li W, Zhan L et al.. (2016). "The large-scale process of microbial carbonate precipitation for nickel remediation from an industrial soil.". Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). htt
Lee JY, Rao SV, Kumar BN et al.. (2010). "Nickel recovery from spent Raneynickel catalyst through dilute sulfuric acid leaching and soda ash precipitation.". Journal of hazardous materials. https://do
M'Bemba-Meka P, Lemieux N, Chakrabarti SK. (2007). "Role of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium in nickel carbonate hydroxide-induced sister-chromatid exchange, and alterations in replication i
M'Bemba Meka P, Chakrabarti SK. (2001). "Effects of different nickel compounds on the transport of para-aminohippurate ion by rat renal cortical slices.". Toxicology letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s
Arsalane K, Hildebrand HF, Martinez R et al.. (1994). "Ultrastructural and biochemical changes in alveolar macrophages exposed to nickel hydroxy carbonate.". The Science of the total environment. http
MOLECULE
Per-CAS bibliography (live from 13+ databases)
Sources: db:pubmed (14) · db:crossref (1)
db:pubmed
Ballesteros FC, Salcedo AF, Vilando AC et al.. (2016). "Removal of nickel by homogeneous granulation in a fluidized-bed reactor.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.081 →
db:pubmed
Zhu X, Li W, Zhan L et al.. (2016). "The large-scale process of microbial carbonate precipitation for nickel remediation from an industrial soil.". Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.047 →
db:pubmed
National Toxicology Program. (2011). "Nickel compounds and metallic nickel.". Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles.
db:pubmed
Lee JY, Rao SV, Kumar BN et al.. (2010). "Nickel recovery from spent Raneynickel catalyst through dilute sulfuric acid leaching and soda ash precipitation.". Journal of hazardous materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.137 →
db:pubmed
M'Bemba-Meka P, Lemieux N, Chakrabarti SK. (2007). "Role of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium in nickel carbonate hydroxide-induced sister-chromatid exchange, and alterations in replication index and mitotic index in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.". Archives of toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-006-0128-7 →
db:pubmed
M'Bemba Meka P, Chakrabarti SK. (2001). "Effects of different nickel compounds on the transport of para-aminohippurate ion by rat renal cortical slices.". Toxicology letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00367-8 →
db:pubmed
Arsalane K, Hildebrand HF, Martinez R et al.. (1994). "Ultrastructural and biochemical changes in alveolar macrophages exposed to nickel hydroxy carbonate.". The Science of the total environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90394-8 →
db:pubmed
Arsalane K, Aerts C, Wallaert B et al.. (1992). "Effects of nickel hydroxycarbonate on alveolar macrophage functions.". Journal of applied toxicology : JAT. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.2550120413 →
db:pubmed
Patierno SR, Costa M. (1985). "DNA-protein cross-links induced by nickel compounds in intact cultured mammalian cells.". Chemico-biological interactions. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80121-6 →
db:pubmed
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Nickel-bound chromatin, nucleic acids, and nuclear proteins from kidney and liver of rats treated with nickel carbonate in vivo.". Cancer research.
db:pubmed
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Molecular basis for the activity of nickel.". IARC scientific publications.
db:pubmed
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1982). "Nickel distribution and DNA lesions induced in rat tissues by the carcinogen nickel carbonate.". Cancer research.
db:pubmed
Furst A, Al-Mahrouq H. (1981). "Excretion of nickel following intratracheal administration of the carbonate.". Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society.
db:pubmed
Ciccarelli RB, Hampton TH, Jennette KW. (1981). "Nickel carbonate induces DNA-protein crosslinks and DNA strand breaks in rat kidney.". Cancer letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(81)90178-6 →
Regulatory status of the substance
This substance is subject to regulatory requirements: hazardous waste management (BDO — national rule, Poland). Details in the \"Regulatory Status (REACH/ECHA/CLP)\" section and on the SDS. Regulatory information — does not restrict purchase in this store.
🧮 Stoichiometry Calculator
🧪 Chemical Data
CAS Number
3333-67-3
Molecular formula
CNiO₃
Molar mass
118.702 g/mol
IUPAC name (EN)
nickel(2+) carbonate
SMILES
C(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ni+2]
InChIKey
ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L
📡 Data sources
The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:
PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.
⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Density
4.39
Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-08-25
PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗
applies to: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗
applies to: EC Number
ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗
applies to: ChemSpider
Further reading
Publications thematically related to this CAS. They are not the source of any value shown on this card.
Extended Bibliography (4)
★★★★☆CANONICAL_PAPERS💰 Paywall (probable)✓ verifiedYang Y; Liang F; Li M et al.. 2015. "Low-Temperature Synthesis of Hierarchical Amorphous Basic Nickel Carbonate Particles for Water Oxidation Catalysis." ChemSusChem.link[accessed: 2026-10-11]
Spectra are fetched on demand from 9 sources. Each spectrum is stored in our database — the next time it is opened there are zero requests to the external API. Download JCAMP-DX / CSV / PNG for every spectrum without searching.
Data is fetched once (JCAMP-DX parser) and stored in the plugin's local database. No duplicate downloads, no NIST queries on subsequent openings. Licences respected (only a deep link plus our own visualisation is published).
Data retrieved live from multiple sources (priority chain). JCAMP-DX / CSV / PNG available for download under each spectrum.
IR — Fourier-transform infrared
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MS — Mass spectrometry (EI 70eV)
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🔎 Spectrum Search (JCAMP-DX)
Upload a JCAMP-DX file (.jdx, .dx, .jcm) — the system will calculate the cosine similarity against all spectra in the database and display the TOP 10 matches.
📚 Bibliography (Chicago)
McLafferty, Fred W., ed. 2018. Wiley Registry of Mass Spectral Data. 11th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. A reference MS library (~775k spectra).
Stein, Stephen E., and Donald R. Scott. 1994. "Optimization and Testing of Mass Spectral Library Search Algorithms for Compound Identification." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 5 (9): 859–866. The cosine + dot-product algorithm of NIST MS Search.
McDonald, Robert S., and Paul A. Wilks Jr. 1988. "JCAMP-DX: A Standard Form for Exchange of Infrared Spectra in Computer Readable Form." Applied Spectroscopy 42 (1): 151–162. The JCAMP-DX specification (extended to 5.01 for NMR/MS).
McLafferty, Fred W., and František Tureček. 1993. "Interpretation of Mass Spectra." 4th ed. Mill Valley, CA: University Science Books. Cosine-similarity matching and MS fragmentation — the foundation of the search algorithm.
Sumner, Lloyd W., Alexander Amberg, Dave Barrett, Michael H. Beale, Richard Beger, Clare A. Daykin, Teresa W.-M. Fan, et al. 2007. "Proposed Minimum Reporting Standards for Chemical Analysis." Metabolomics 3 (3): 211–221. MSI Level 1-4 — confidence-level standards for spectral matching.
Stein, Stephen E. 1999. "An Integrated Method for Spectrum Extraction and Compound Identification from Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Data." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 10 (8): 770–781. The AMDIS algorithm — deconvolution + library match (NIST).
Lindon, John C., George E. Tranter, and David W. Koppenaal, eds. 2017. "Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry." 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Academic Press. Encyclopedia entries on spectral library searching.
Smith, Brian C. 2011. "Fundamentals of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy." 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. FT-IR and the JCAMP-DX format for transmission spectra.
Larkin, Peter. 2017. "Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Principles and Spectral Interpretation." 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Principles of IR/Raman library matching and peak preprocessing.
Structural properties
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❓ Frequently asked questions (3)
What is Nickel carbonate?
Nickel carbonate (CAS 3333-67-3) is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CNiO₃ and a molecular weight of 118.702 g/mol.
Helpful?
What is the CAS number of Nickel carbonate?
The CAS number for Nickel carbonate is 3333-67-3.
Helpful?
What is the chemical formula of Nickel carbonate?
The molecular formula of Nickel carbonate is CNiO₃.
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Download structure files
Molecular structure files from the PubChem database (NIH). Compatible with Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, and ChemDraw.
Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarity
c (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW
±0.1% (depends on MW precision)
Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarity
c (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³
Exact
Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ Kelvin
T(K) = t(°C) + 273.15
±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)
BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ Fahrenheit
T(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32
±0.1 °F
Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarity
c (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL
±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimals
Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliography (8 authoritative sources)
Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811-2008 → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7 → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗ → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗ → General rules for physical quantities and units
ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗ → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010 → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5 → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Data limitations notice. The safety information on this page is for reference only and does not replace a full safety data sheet (SDS). Before using the product, consult the manufacturer's current safety data sheet and the GHS/CLP guidance. The CLP classification applies to the pure bulk substance, not to commercial formulations.
GHS/CLP classification — Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021).
H372 — Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H315 — Causes skin irritation
H334 — May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
H317 — May cause an allergic skin reaction
H400 — Very toxic to aquatic life
H410 — Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
🛡 Precautionary statements (P)
P203 — Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use
✓ Harmonised classification pursuant to Annex VI of the CLP Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 (official, binding classification). Index number: 028-010-00-0.
Reference (Chicago): European Chemicals Agency. "nickel carbonate; basic nickel carbonate; carbonic acid, nickel (2+) salt, Index No. 028-010-00-0." In Table 3 of Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), 23rd Adaptation to Technical Progress (harmonised list as of 2026-07-07). Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency, 2026. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.
Translations: CLP Regulation (EC) 1272/2008, Annexes III and IV. Data: PubChem/NLM.
☢️ Toxicological data (IARC + EPA CTX)
🧬 IARC Carcinogen Classification
IARC classification:
⚠️ No individual IARC entry for this CAS
NOTE: substance classified as carcinogenic under ECHA CLP (Carc. 1A, H350i, H341, H360D) — see the CMR section below. The absence of an IARC monograph does not mean the absence of carcinogenicity.
Ballesteros FC, Salcedo AF, Vilando AC et al.. (2016). "Removal of nickel by homogeneous granulation in a fluidized-bed reactor.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.081 [DOI]
Zhu X, Li W, Zhan L et al.. (2016). "The large-scale process of microbial carbonate precipitation for nickel remediation from an industrial soil.". Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.047 [DOI]
National Toxicology Program. (2011). "Nickel compounds and metallic nickel.". Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles.
Lee JY, Rao SV, Kumar BN et al.. (2010). "Nickel recovery from spent Raneynickel catalyst through dilute sulfuric acid leaching and soda ash precipitation.". Journal of hazardous materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.137 [DOI]
M'Bemba-Meka P, Lemieux N, Chakrabarti SK. (2007). "Role of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium in nickel carbonate hydroxide-induced sister-chromatid exchange, and alterations in replication index and mitotic index in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.". Archives of toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-006-0128-7 [DOI]
M'Bemba Meka P, Chakrabarti SK. (2001). "Effects of different nickel compounds on the transport of para-aminohippurate ion by rat renal cortical slices.". Toxicology letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00367-8 [DOI]
Arsalane K, Hildebrand HF, Martinez R et al.. (1994). "Ultrastructural and biochemical changes in alveolar macrophages exposed to nickel hydroxy carbonate.". The Science of the total environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90394-8 [DOI]
Arsalane K, Aerts C, Wallaert B et al.. (1992). "Effects of nickel hydroxycarbonate on alveolar macrophage functions.". Journal of applied toxicology : JAT. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.2550120413 [DOI]
Patierno SR, Costa M. (1985). "DNA-protein cross-links induced by nickel compounds in intact cultured mammalian cells.". Chemico-biological interactions. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80121-6 [DOI]
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Nickel-bound chromatin, nucleic acids, and nuclear proteins from kidney and liver of rats treated with nickel carbonate in vivo.". Cancer research.
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Molecular basis for the activity of nickel.". IARC scientific publications.
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1982). "Nickel distribution and DNA lesions induced in rat tissues by the carcinogen nickel carbonate.". Cancer research.
Furst A, Al-Mahrouq H. (1981). "Excretion of nickel following intratracheal administration of the carbonate.". Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society.
Ciccarelli RB, Hampton TH, Jennette KW. (1981). "Nickel carbonate induces DNA-protein crosslinks and DNA strand breaks in rat kidney.". Cancer letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(81)90178-6 [DOI]
🚨 Emergency procedure — chemical spillHealth hazard
CAS 3333-67-3GHS:H350iH341H360DH332H302H372H315H334H317H400H410💨 Ventilation
🥽 PPE — Personal protective equipment
Goggles:Yes
Suit:lab coat
Respirator:half-mask / full-face respirator per SDS (dust P2/P3)
📦 Small spill (<1L) — absorbent: inert mineral (vermiculite)
⚠️ GENERIC procedure derived from the GHS classification (no curated data for this CAS). Always follow the supplier's current Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
1. Minimize exposure — restrict access by unauthorized persons.
2. Full PPE + respiratory protection; no dust/vapor generation.
3. Sealed, labeled container.
4. Wash the area with water; treat residues and absorbent as hazardous waste.
Additional properties from GHS:
• irritant — avoid skin/eye contact and dust inhalation
• hazardous to the environment — prevent entry into drains, soil and water
🛢️ Large spill (>1L) ⚠️ Hazardous material
1. Evacuate; entry only in full PPE with respiratory protection.
2. Contain; avoid dispersal; follow the site procedure for CMR/STOT substances.
3. Collect mechanically into a labeled UN container; hand over to an authorized company (BDO — national rule, Poland).
4. Report the incident per the OHS procedure; on release to the environment notify the Regional Environmental Inspectorate (WIOŚ) (national rule — Poland).
🩹 First aid
🧴 Skin
1. Remove contaminated clothing.
2. Rinse the skin with plenty of water for ≥15 min.
3. The substance may be absorbed through the skin — monitor symptoms / see a doctor.
👁️ Eyes
1. Rinse with water for ≥15 min, eyelids held open; remove contact lenses.
2. See an ophthalmologist if irritation persists.
🫁 Inhalation
1. Move the casualty to fresh air, comfortable position.
2. If short of breath — oxygen / doctor.
🍽️ Ingestion
1. Rinse the mouth with water; do NOT induce vomiting.
2. Poison Control Center (Poland): +48 42 631 47 24.
🌍 Environment:
Water: High; Soil: Medium; ❌ Do not release into drains; Waste Code: 16 05 06*
📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) — 8
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2020. Guidance on the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets — Section 6: Accidental Release Measures. ECHA.
[link ↗]
European Parliament and Council. 2008. Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Hazard classes and H-statements. Official Journal of the European Union L 353.
[link ↗]
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards — NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. CDC.
[link ↗]
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 2024. 29 CFR 1910.120 — Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER). U.S. Code of Federal Regulations.
[link ↗]
National Fire Protection Association. 2018. NFPA 472: Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents. NFPA.
[link ↗]
European Parliament and Council. 2012. Directive 2012/18/EU on the Control of Major-Accident Hazards Involving Dangerous Substances (Seveso III). Official Journal of the European Union L 197: 1–37.
[link ↗]
U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 2024. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[link ↗]
European Chemicals Agency. 2020. Guidance on the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets (SDS), Version 3.1. ECHA.
[link ↗]
Sources: GHS/CLP classification (PubChem/SDS) — generic fallback · ECHA Guidance on SDS (section 6) · NIOSH Pocket Guide.
Indicative data only — in an emergency, always follow the supplier's instructions and local occupational health and safety (OHS) regulations.
⚠️ Visual PPE guide (personal protective equipment)Irritant
🧤 Gloves
Standard nitrile >0.1 mm EN 374-1 typ C
Standard protection against dermal irritation
👁️ Safety Glasses / Goggles
EN 166 D
Protection against solid particles and droplets; basic category
🥼 Lab Coat / Coverall
Standard cotton lab coat EN 13688
Standard buttoned long sleeve
💨 Ventilation
4 ACH(air changes/hour) General laboratory ventilation
4 ACH minimum for open operations; fume hood for concentrated dusts
📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date)
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks. CEN, Brussels. EN 374-1:2016. [link ↗] — Classification of chemical-resistant gloves type A/B/C; JKLPT permeation tests
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications. CEN, Brussels. EN 166:2001. [link ↗] — Markings: B = medium-energy impact, T = extreme temperatures, 9 = molten metals and hot solids
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections. CEN, Brussels. EN 14605:2009. [link ↗] — Type 3 (jet-tight) and Type 4 (spray-tight) protection against liquid chemicals
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. [link ↗] — Practical guide to CPC (chemical protective clothing) selection per substance and exposure scenario
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements. U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. 29 CFR 1910.132. [link ↗] — The employer must provide PPE + training + a documented written hazard assessment
ℹ️ Regulatory obligations checklist for CAS 3333-67-3.
Status based on: ADR 2025 (Table A), REACH Annex XVII, CLP Annex VI (harmonised classification), hazard class from the m14-spill DB, SVHC, GIS and the Polish OEL list. Principle: no data = no claim (we do NOT declare "no restrictions" without a basis).
✅SDS (Safety Data Sheet) availablefulfilled
How to comply: Requirement: current SDS compliant with Reg. 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex II, 16-section format.
Legal basis: Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Art. 31 + Annex II
▣Compliant CLP label (pictograms + signal word + H/P)required
How to comply: The label must include: GHS pictograms, the signal word (Danger/Warning), hazard (H) and precautionary (P) statements, and manufacturer details. Required since 2010 (substances) and 2015 (mixtures). For this substance a HARMONISED CLASSIFICATION applies (CLP Annex VI) — see below; it takes precedence over self-classification.
Legal basis: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) Art. 17-33 + Annex VI (harmonised classification)
❓ADR transport (international agreement)to be verified
How to comply: No ADR data in the MOL-GOD dataset for this CAS number. Do NOT assume there are no restrictions — before shipping, verify the transport classification in ADR 2025 (Table A) and in section 14 of the safety data sheet (SDS).
Legal basis: ADR 2025 European Agreement + Polish Act of 19 August 2011 on the Transport of Dangerous Goods National rules — Poland
🔵REACH registration (>1 t/year EU import)conditional
How to comply: Importers/manufacturers ≥1 tonne/year must register the substance with ECHA (technical dossier + Chemical Safety Report if ≥10 t). Check the ECHA Annex VI / registered substances list.
Legal basis: Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Art. 5-22
▣REACH Annex XVII (use/marketing restrictions)required
How to comply: Substance subject to a REACH Annex XVII restriction (entry 28–30): CMR category 1A/1B — not for supply to the general public (professional users only). Check the conditions for placing on the market/use and the note in SDS section 15.
Legal basis: Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex XVII — restrictions on manufacture, placing on the market and use
⚠️ REACH Annex XVII (entry 28–30): CMR category 1A/1B — not for supply to the general public (professional users only).
European Parliament and Council. 2008. Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures (CLP). Official Journal of the European Union L 353/1. CLP Regulation 1272/2008. [link ↗] — Classification, labelling and packaging of substances + mixtures (GHS implementation in the EU)
European Parliament and Council. 2006. Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). Official Journal of the European Union L 396/1. REACH Regulation 1907/2006. [link ↗] — REACH — registration, evaluation and authorisation of chemicals; SVHC; SDS Annex II
Ministerstwo Rodziny i Polityki Społecznej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 2024. Rozporządzenie Ministra Rodziny i Polityki Społecznej z dnia 4 września 2024 r. w sprawie najwyższych dopuszczalnych stężeń i natężeń czynników szkodliwych dla zdrowia w środowisku pracy. Dziennik Ustaw RP 2024 poz. 1017. National rules — Poland[link ↗] — NDS and NDSCh for ~600 chemical substances — current Polish occupational exposure limits
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2025. European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR), 2025 Edition. United Nations, Geneva. ADR 2025. [link ↗] — International agreement on the road transport of dangerous goods — UN numbers, classes, packaging
📚 Consolidated scientific references — Chicago Author-Date 10 sources
References collected from all Safety Hub tabs. CAS: 3333-67-3 ·
PubChem ↗
Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗]
GHS, Regulations
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗]
GHS
Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8.
First aid, Toxicology
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗]
First aid, PPE, Toxicology
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗]
PPE
UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗]
Disposal, Regulations
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗]
Storage
Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗]
Storage
Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. National rules — Poland[↗]
Disposal
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗]
Toxicology
Tabs with their own references (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) contain additional bibliographic entries within their respective sections.
Paste a series of replicate measurements (CSV, or one number per line). The calculator computes the mean, standard deviation and 95% CI, and detects outliers (Grubbs + Dixon Q).
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🧪 Solubility and solvent compatibility
Molecule
Nickel carbonate
Formula
CNiO₃
logP (XLogP3)
—
Mass (g/mol)
118.702
Polarity
—
⚠️ GC estimate (Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen). No literature HSP data for this CAS — precision ±2 MPa½. Verify experimentally.
Solvent
Compat.
Ra
Visual
GC-MS
HPLC
Applications
References
Ra < R₀ = good miscibility · Ra < 1,5×R₀ = borderline · above = poor (R₀ — radius of the Hansen sphere of this molecule) For this molecule R₀ = 8..
Solubility theory (applied in compatibility prediction):
Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — HSP triplet (dD, dP, dH) + Ra formula.
Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solvatochromism.
Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution for dD/dP/dH from SMILES.
Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — Complete tabular set of 250+ solvents (ε, μ, donicity, acceptor numbers).
PubChem Compound Database — CAS 3333-67-3 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.
Full bibliography in the REFERENCES accordion (at the bottom of the page) — Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date.
🧮 Solubility calculator
Solubility:—
logS:—
Method:—
⚠️ —
Solubility vs temperature
🌐 Hansen Solubility Sphere (3D)
⚠️ The Hansen parameters for this substance fall outside the range of the method.
At least one of the δD/δP/δH parameters fell outside the domain of validity of the group contribution method (Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen), so the position of the molecule in Hansen space is unknown. The distance Ra is measured FROM THAT POINT — it cannot be calculated without knowing the point. The sphere and the distance table have been omitted rather than filled with numbers that have nothing behind them. Where a solubility measurement exists, it is shown in the table below.
Ra < R₀ = good miscibility · Ra < 1,5×R₀ = borderline · above = poor (R₀ — radius of the Hansen sphere of this molecule) Target molecule: δD=outside the method's range,
δP=outside the method's range,
δH=outside the method's range8
📊 Automatically extracted topics from the abstracts of 10 publications for CAS 3333-67-3.
Algorithm: TF-IDF (Salton & Buckley 1988) — term frequency × inverse document frequency.
📊 Citation graph for CAS 3333-67-3.
Each node = a research paper; an A→B edge = paper A cites B. Data from OpenAlex (Priem 2022).
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Network built on-demand from the OpenAlex API (24h cache).
Why this page can be checked
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Data
Every physicochemical value carries the source it came from and the date that source was read. Open any of them.
Classification
Read against the harmonised entry where one exists, with the index number stated. Self-classification is shown separately and labelled.
Regulatory
Inventory, restriction, authorisation and candidate-list status, each stated individually. Where a status is not established, this page says so — it never says no restrictions apply.
Documentation
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Who is selling this, and what they have published about themselves.
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nickel carbonate carries a harmonised entry in CLP Annex VI under index 028-010-00-0. This page covers the safety data sheet issued for it — a document, not a supply of the material.
nickel carbonate (CAS 3333-67-3) at a glance
Substance – nickel carbonate
CAS number – 3333-67-3
EC number – 222-068-2 [1];240-408-8 [2];265-748-4 [3];235-715-9 [4]
CLP Annex VI index number – 028-010-00-0
Also known as – basic nickel carbonate, carbonic acid, nickel (2+) salt
Hazard statements – H350i; H341 (suspected of causing genetic defects); H360D (may damage the unborn child); H332 (harmful if inhaled); H302 (harmful if swallowed); H372 (causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure)
CMR classification – yes, classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction
Documentation issued – safety data sheet in REACH Annex II structure; working draft or signed card
What is supplied – a document. MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.
Identifiers that must agree
Three identifiers accompany this substance, and all must align: the CAS number 3333-67-3, the Annex VI index number 028-010-00-0, and the name as listed in the register. Incongruent identifiers represent the subtlest flaw in a documentation set, as each individual document appears correct until a cross-check reveals they describe distinct entities.
Disposal route and waste classification
Section 13 for CAS 3333-67-3 states the disposal route and any contaminated-packaging handling. Laboratories are audited on whether their waste stream matches what the sheet declares, so a vague section here becomes a finding on the laboratory rather than on the supplier.
Is nickel carbonate classified as a CMR substance?
CAS 3333-67-3 is classified as a CMR substance (H350i, H360D). That status changes the obligations attached to every shipment: workplace exposure documentation, restrictions on supply to the general public, and substitution pressure from downstream users who must justify continued use. A safety data sheet for a CMR substance is read more closely than any other, because the classification itself invites scrutiny.
Where is regulatory status recorded for nickel carbonate?
Whether CAS 3333-67-3 carries obligations beyond classification — candidate list entry, authorisation, restriction — belongs in section 15. Customers increasingly request a written statement on this point before placing an order, and the sheet is the natural place for it.
Storage and handling in the document
Section 7 of the documentation for nickel carbonate outlines handling and storage procedures, including incompatible materials, conditions to be avoided, and any segregation requirements arising from its classification. Laboratories reviewing this section require explicit instructions rather than general warnings; for instance, a statement such as ‘store in a cool dry place’ is insufficient, as it leaves the responsibility of defining specific storage conditions to the personnel.
How is nickel carbonate classified for road, sea and air transport?
Transport classification for nickel carbonate sits in section 14 and differs by mode: ADR for road, IMDG for sea, IATA for air. A sheet that prints all three without stating which applies leaves the shipper to choose, and the shipper is the one penalised for choosing wrong.
Why a correct sheet stops being correct
Classification under CLP moves with each Adaptation to Technical Progress. A sheet for CAS 3333-67-3 written before the amendment that touched its entry keeps stating a classification the register no longer holds. Nothing in the document announces this — it reads exactly as it did on the day it was issued, which is precisely why revision dates are checked before content.
What happens if a consignment of nickel carbonate is refused?
A rejected document is generally complete and properly formatted but may be outdated or contain an incorrect consignment identifier. When a shipment of nickel carbonate is refused, the authority’s notification typically indicates the problematic section. Reviewing this notice is more efficient than revisiting the entire file.
Target organ toxicity in the sheet
Specific target organ toxicity (H372) obliges the sheet to state the route of exposure and, where established, the organ affected. This is one of the few places where a generic phrase is treated as a defect rather than as caution: an unspecified organ leaves the downstream user unable to build an exposure scenario.
What is the CLP classification of nickel carbonate?
The harmonised classification for CAS 3333-67-3 carries 11 hazard statements: H350i, H341, H360D, H332, H302, H372, H315, H334, H317, H400, H410. In plain terms this means H350i; suspected of causing genetic defects; may damage the unborn child; harmful if inhaled. A harmonised entry is binding across the Union — an importer may not soften it, and a self-classification that diverges from it will not survive an enforcement check.
What is the EC number for nickel carbonate?
Alongside CAS 3333-67-3, this substance carries EC number 222-068-2 [1];240-408-8 [2];265-748-4 [3];235-715-9 [4] and Annex VI index 028-010-00-0. European documentation is built around the EC number as often as around the CAS: registration dossiers, the candidate list and customs systems key on it. A safety data sheet quoting only one of the two forces every downstream reader to look up the other.
What must the label for nickel carbonate contain?
The supply label for nickel carbonate is generated from the same classification that drives the safety data sheet: pictograms selected by precedence, one signal word derived from the highest hazard class present, and the hazard statements H350i, H341, H360D… reproduced in full. Where the container is too small to carry the complete set at a legible size, there are lawful ways to handle it and unlawful ones that look identical to a non-specialist.
Which SDS sections decide whether a shipment clears?
A document for CAS 3333-67-3 must follow a specific structure consisting of sixteen sections in the prescribed order, including the required subsections. This format has been established prior to the CLP and continues to be relevant after its implementation. Consequently, adherence to a sixteen-section layout does not necessarily indicate whether the classification information within is up-to-date or current.
Protective equipment and exposure controls
Personal protective equipment for CAS 3333-67-3 is prescribed in section 8, alongside engineering controls that come first in the hierarchy. A sheet naming protective equipment without naming ventilation requirements has skipped the more important half.
Which GHS pictograms apply to nickel carbonate?
The label for nickel carbonate carries GHS07 (exclamation mark), GHS08 (health hazard), GHS09 (environment), with the signal word Danger. These are not chosen by the supplier: CLP Annex VI states them for CAS 3333-67-3, and the precedence rules in Annex I decide which pictogram is dropped when two would say the same thing. A label showing a different set from the register is wrong even if every hazard statement on it is correct.
Questions about documentation for nickel carbonate
What hazard statements apply to CAS 3333-67-3?
The harmonised entry lists H350i, H341, H360D, H332. These are binding across the Union and may not be softened by a self-classification.
In which language must the sheet be supplied?
In an official language of each Member State where nickel carbonate is placed on the market, unless that State has stated otherwise.
Can I check whether my existing sheet is still valid?
Yes. A section-by-section reading against Annex II and the current harmonised entry establishes that in one pass, and a sheet that passes is reported as passing.
Do I need a safety data sheet to import nickel carbonate into the EU?
Yes. A sheet compiled to Annex II of REACH must exist before the first consignment moves, and it must be held by the entity placing the substance on the Union market.
MolGod.org issues documentation and does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances. CAS 3333-67-3 identifies the subject of this document.
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Expert-Reviewed SDS
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Everything in the Working Draft
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Adapted to your company, product grade and identified use
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Within 72 hours of receiving complete input.
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What the document is for
Working Draft €49.99
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Yes
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Immediately after payment
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Nothing stops you sending a draft to anyone. "Not written for this" means exactly that: it carries no signature and no fields adapted to your company, so it will not answer the questions the recipient is about to ask.
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Who prepares the document
The document is generated by the MolGod engine from ECHA CLP Annex VI and the cited public sources, then read section by section by a qualified scientific reviewer with a degree in chemistry or a related scientific field.
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The sheet is read section by section against the REACH Annex II structure. GHS classification and transport entries are checked against the sources cited in the document, and the sheet is adapted to the company, product grade and identified use you provide.
What is NOT verified
We do not test your material and we cannot confirm what is physically in your container: composition, concentration, impurities or manufacturing route. Those come from you and are reproduced as supplied.
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The signature records that a qualified scientific reviewer read the document. It is not a government approval, not an ECHA approval, and not a legal certification — no such certification exists for safety data sheets in the EU. A signature does not by itself make a document legally valid or make your business compliant.
What you receive
A PDF in the 16-section REACH Annex II structure, signed and dated, with version information and a list of anything we could not establish. Five rounds of corrections are included.
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Within 72 hours of receiving complete input from you. The clock pauses whenever we are waiting on an answer.
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Full refund before review begins. If the evidence is insufficient, you choose a refund, store credit or a gap report. See the refund policy.
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If the available evidence is insufficient to support a defensible document for this CAS number and your product specification, we will not invent the missing values. You may choose a refund, store credit or a documented gap report.
The supplier placing the substance or mixture on the market remains responsible for ensuring that the final safety data sheet matches the material, its identified uses and their legal role in the supply chain.
📚 Scientific references (Chicago Author-Date) — click to expand
Batch management and laboratory certification standards — 13 independent sources (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).
International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [link ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [link ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [link ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [link ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [link ↗]
International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [link ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [link ↗]
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [link ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [link ↗]
United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [link ↗]
European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [link ↗]
Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [link ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [link ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
📜 Patents (public metadata)
no data
No public patent metadata was found for this substance in Crossref / OpenAlex at this time. Data will be updated automatically after the next cache refresh (24h).
📚 References (Chicago Author-Date) — click to expand
Ballesteros FC, Salcedo AF, Vilando AC et al.. (2016). "Removal of nickel by homogeneous granulation in a fluidized-bed reactor.". Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.081
Zhu X, Li W, Zhan L et al.. (2016). "The large-scale process of microbial carbonate precipitation for nickel remediation from an industrial soil.". Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.047
National Toxicology Program. (2011). "Nickel compounds and metallic nickel.". Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles.
Lee JY, Rao SV, Kumar BN et al.. (2010). "Nickel recovery from spent Raneynickel catalyst through dilute sulfuric acid leaching and soda ash precipitation.". Journal of hazardous materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.137
M'Bemba-Meka P, Lemieux N, Chakrabarti SK. (2007). "Role of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium in nickel carbonate hydroxide-induced sister-chromatid exchange, and alterations in replication index and mitotic index in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.". Archives of toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-006-0128-7
M'Bemba Meka P, Chakrabarti SK. (2001). "Effects of different nickel compounds on the transport of para-aminohippurate ion by rat renal cortical slices.". Toxicology letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00367-8
Arsalane K, Hildebrand HF, Martinez R et al.. (1994). "Ultrastructural and biochemical changes in alveolar macrophages exposed to nickel hydroxy carbonate.". The Science of the total environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90394-8
Arsalane K, Aerts C, Wallaert B et al.. (1992). "Effects of nickel hydroxycarbonate on alveolar macrophage functions.". Journal of applied toxicology : JAT. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.2550120413
Patierno SR, Costa M. (1985). "DNA-protein cross-links induced by nickel compounds in intact cultured mammalian cells.". Chemico-biological interactions. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2797(85)80121-6
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Nickel-bound chromatin, nucleic acids, and nuclear proteins from kidney and liver of rats treated with nickel carbonate in vivo.". Cancer research.
Ciccarelli RB, Wetterhahn KE. (1984). "Molecular basis for the activity of nickel.". IARC scientific publications.
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📚 REFERENCES (Aggregate bibliography, Chicago Author-Date) 78 items
All scientific sources cited in the accordions above for CAS 3333-67-3. Format: Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date system.
🗄️ Scientific databases
PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 3333-67-3. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine.
AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 3333-67-3. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
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