nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] (CAS 7697-37-2) — Safety Data Sheet

Safety data sheet documentation for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] (CAS 7697-37-2), compiled to REACH Annex II with classification read against the harmonised entry in CLP Annex VI (H272, H330, H314). Two options: a working draft sent by e-mail immediately, or a signed card issued within 72 hours of complete input. The item supplied is a document — MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

Free, and generated automatically from the sources listed on this page. No person has reviewed it, and it describes the substance in general — not your material, your process or your intended market.

REACH 2020/878
v4 · 08.09.2026
Scarica la scheda di dati di sicurezza (PDF)CAS 7697-37-2 · PDF · 200 KBBozza di lavoro — non ancora revisionata né approvata.

Sezione 9 — proprietà chimico-fisiche: 9 su 22 stabilite.

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Cosa ricevi

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Cosa contiene il pacchetto per l’acquirente

Tutto ciò che il tuo responsabile della conformità chiederà, in un unico file.

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  • sources.txt — ogni citazione con la data in cui è stata consultata.
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Il tuo acquirente europeo inoltrerà questo materiale a qualcuno che non era presente alla call. Il pacchetto esiste perché ciò che inoltra sia completo, autoesplicativo e tracciabile — anziché quattro allegati e una frase che inizia con “Credo che sia tutto”.

Questi cambiano la lingua di questa pagina. Single substances. Mixtures on enquiry. One document, one language — additional languages are priced separately. Every version, including the Chinese one, is written to EU law — (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH) Annex II and (EU) 2020/878 — and translated from it. The Chinese version is a reference translation, not a legally valid document for the Chinese market: an SDS for China must be compiled separately to GB/T 16483 and GB/T 17519.

🧬 Visualizzatore di molecole 3D
Caricamento molecola...
Modello 3D Nitric Acid, CAS 7697-37-2, formula molecolare HNO3, massa molare 63.013 g/mol

Dati trascritti da registri normativi e letteratura tecnica, con indicazione della fonte e dell'edizione. Non sostituiscono la scheda di dati di sicurezza del fornitore. I campi privi di fonte registrata sono contrassegnati come tali.

📊 Dati chimico-fisici — CAS 7697-37-2
📊 Proprietà fisico-chimiche

Riferimento rapido

Formula: HNO3
MW: 63.013 g/mol
CAS: 7697-37-2
Aspetto: Liquido trasparente, incolore o giallastro, fumante, igroscopico, corrosivo
Odore: Odore caratteristico soffocante

Proprietà dettagliate

Integrazione della tabella «Proprietà fisico-chimiche (database)» qui sotto — i valori già mostrati non vengono ripetuti.

Proprietà Valore Unità Conditions Source
Indice di rifrazione (nD) 1.397[1] 20 °C, D-line CRC Handbook 105th ed. (Haynes 2024)
🔬 Proprietà avanzate

Identificatori chimici

SMILES: [N+](=O)(O)[O-]

Fonti dei dati: CRC Handbook 105th ed. (Haynes 2024) (ISBN 9781032655628)

Ultimo aggiornamento: 2026-08-25

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (1 sources)
  1. Rumble, J.R., ed. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 105th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. ↗ si applica a: Indice di rifrazione (nD)
Panoramica chimica: Nitric Acid
Formula molecolareHNO3[1]
Peso molecolare63.013 g/mol[1]
Punto di fusione-41.59 °C[2]
Punto di ebollizione83 °C[2]
Densità1.5129 g/cm³[2]
LogP (lipofilia)-0.13[1][2]
pKa-1.4[2]
Nome IUPACnitric acid[1]
SMILES[N+](=O)(O)[O-][1]
InChIKeyGRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]

Sinonimi: NITRIC ACID · 7697-37-2 · Azotic acid · Aqua fortis · Salpetersaeure

Fonti dei dati: PubChem (NLM/NIH), CRC Handbook 105th ed. (Haynes 2024)
Ultimo aggiornamento: 2026-08-25

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (2 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ si applica a: Formula molecolare · Peso molecolare · LogP (lipofilia) · Nome IUPAC · SMILES · InChIKey
  2. Rumble, J.R., ed. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 105th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. ↗ si applica a: Punto di fusione · Punto di ebollizione · Densità · LogP (lipofilia) · pKa

RICERCA SCIENTIFICA

[1]CrossRef2023
Junhu Wu, Dehua Xu, Xiushan Yang et al.. (2023). "Determination and Correlation of Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for the Nitric Acid + Water, Nitric Acid + Water + Phosphoric Acid, and Nitric Acid + Water +
[2]CrossRef2018
Paul Duval. (2018). "Safety Evaluation of Nitric Acid Reactions with Polysaccharides". https://doi.org/10.2172/1467250
[3]CrossRef2014
Frank Huess Hedlund, Merete Folmer Nielsen, Sonja Hagen Mikkelsen et al.. (2014). "Violent explosion after inadvertent mixing of nitric acid and isopropanol – Review 15years later finds basic accident
[4]CrossRef2004
(2004). "Nitric Acid 7697‐37‐2". Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471701343.sdp18521
[5]CrossRef1961
L. M. Ferris. (1961). "Solubility of Molybdic Oxide and Its Hydrates in Nitric Acid, Nitric Acid-Ferric Nitrate, and Nitric Acid-Uranyl Nitrate Solutions.". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. htt
📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) 5 refs · 1 baz

MOLECULE Bibliografia per-CAS (live da 13+ banche dati)

Fonti: db:crossref (5)

  1. db:crossref Junhu Wu, Dehua Xu, Xiushan Yang et al.. (2023). "Determination and Correlation of Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for the Nitric Acid + Water, Nitric Acid + Water + Phosphoric Acid, and Nitric Acid + Water + Phosphoric Acid + Sulfuric Acid System". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.2c00718 →
  2. db:crossref Paul Duval. (2018). "Safety Evaluation of Nitric Acid Reactions with Polysaccharides". https://doi.org/10.2172/1467250 →
  3. db:crossref Frank Huess Hedlund, Merete Folmer Nielsen, Sonja Hagen Mikkelsen et al.. (2014). "Violent explosion after inadvertent mixing of nitric acid and isopropanol – Review 15years later finds basic accident data corrupted, no evidence of broad learning". Safety Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.06.010 →
  4. db:crossref (2004). "Nitric Acid 7697‐37‐2". Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471701343.sdp18521 →
  5. db:crossref L. M. Ferris. (1961). "Solubility of Molybdic Oxide and Its Hydrates in Nitric Acid, Nitric Acid-Ferric Nitrate, and Nitric Acid-Uranyl Nitrate Solutions.". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data. https://doi.org/10.1021/je60011a035 →
Stato normativo della sostanza
Questa sostanza è soggetta a requisiti normativi: gestione dei rifiuti pericolosi (BDO — norma nazionale, Polonia); trasporto di merci pericolose (ADR/RID/IMDG). Dettagli nella sezione "Stato normativo (REACH/ECHA/CLP)" e nella scheda SDS. Informazione normativa — non limita l'acquisto nel negozio.
🧮 Calcolatore stechiometrico
🧪 Dati chimici
Numero CAS
7697-37-2
Formula molecolare
HNO3
Massa molare
63.013 g/mol
Nome IUPAC (EN)
nitric acid
SMILES
[N+](=O)(O)[O-]
InChIKey
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
📚 Related literature (16 articoli)

Matched automatically from public bibliographic databases by text similarity. Not curated for this substance, and not part of the safety data sheet.

Yannis Ziouane, Gilles Leturcq · (2018) · ACS Omega
Filtra:
Ordina:
📈 Cronologia delle pubblicazioni
2018
2024
2025
2026
📡 Data sources

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Density
1.5

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-08-25

🔍 Identificatori esterni
13 su 16 sistemi ID81%
DatabaseIdentificatoreAzioni
CAS Registry Number7697-37-2Apri →
PubChem CID944[1]Apri →
InChIKeyGRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]Apri →
InChIInChI=1S/HNO3/c2-1(3)4/h(H,2,3,4)[1]
SMILES[N+](=O)(O)[O-][1]
EC Number231-714-2[2]Apri →
ChEMBLCHEMBL1352[3]Apri →
DrugBankDB15995Apri →
KEGG CompoundD02313Apri →
ChemSpider919[4]Apri →
MeSH UID (NLM)D017942Apri →
UNII (FDA)411VRN1TV4Apri →
WikiData QIDQ83320Apri →

Fonti: PubChem (NIH), Wikidata SPARQL, KEGG, ChEMBL (EBI), CompTox CTX (EPA).

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (4 sources)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ si applica a: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ si applica a: EC Number
  3. ChEMBL. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), bioactivity database. ↗ si applica a: ChEMBL
  4. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ si applica a: ChemSpider

Ulteriori letture

Pubblicazioni tematicamente correlate a questo CAS. Non sono la fonte di alcun valore riportato in questa scheda.

Bibliografia (estesa) (7)

  1. ★★★★★ CANONICAL_PAPERS 💰 Paywall (probable) ✓ verificato Wang Y; Li T; Yu Y et al.. 2022. "Electrochemical Synthesis of Nitric Acid from Nitrogen Oxidation." Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English). link [consultato: 2026-10-11]
  2. ★★★★½ CANONICAL_PAPERS 💰 Paywall (probable) ✓ verificato Crowther ER; Demers JD; Blum JD et al.. 2023. "Coupling of nitric acid digestion and anion-exchange resin separation for the determination of methylmercury isotopic composition within organisms." Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. link [consultato: 2026-10-11]
  3. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Shankar, A. Ravi, Sole, Ravikumar, Krishna, D. Nanda Gopala, Philip, John. 2023. "Nitric Acid Corrosion of As-Received and Autoclaved Zircaloy-4 in All Zr-4 Nitric Acid Test Facility." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 33 (1): 301-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-023-07945-y. link [consultato: 2026-10-11] CC0 (metadata)
  4. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Anonymous. "Nitric Acid.". https://doi.org/10.31003/uspnf_r2226_01_01. link [consultato: 2026-10-11] CC0 (metadata)
  5. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Anonymous. "Nitric Acid.". https://doi.org/10.31003/uspnf_m56690_03_01. link [consultato: 2026-10-11] CC0 (metadata)
  6. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Anonymous. "Nitric Acid.". https://doi.org/10.31003/uspnf_m56690_04_01. link [consultato: 2026-10-11] CC0 (metadata)
  7. ★★☆☆☆ CROSSREF 🔓 OPEN ❓ non verificato Anonymous. "Fuming Nitric Acid.". https://doi.org/10.31003/uspnf_xr2228_01_01. link [consultato: 2026-10-11] CC0 (metadata)
📡 Spettroscopia — CAS 7697-37-2
📊 Spettri (NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis) (1)

Tipi di spettri disponibili: IR

Spettro IR (KBr, 4000-400 cm⁻¹)

472 punti dati · Fonte: NIST WebBook · NIST ↗ · 📥 JCAMP-DX
🎓 Guida all'interpretazione degli spettri (per studenti)
Come leggere uno spettro IR
  • 3200-3600 cm⁻¹ — stiramento O-H (picco allargato = legame a idrogeno)
  • 2850-3000 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C-H (sp³)
  • 1650-1750 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C=O (chetoni, aldeidi, esteri)
  • 1400-1600 cm⁻¹ — vibrazioni dell'anello aromatico
  • 1000-1300 cm⁻¹ — stiramento C-O (eteri, alcoli)
  • Nessun assorbimento = gruppo funzionale assente → confrontare con un riferimento

Fonti: LibreTexts ↗, Silverstein (Spectrometric ID) ↗

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) (7 sources)
  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2024. "NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69." Gaithersburg, MD: NIST. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  2. Spectral Database for Organic Structure Determination (SDBS). 2024. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  3. Ulrich, Eldon L., Hideo Akutsu, John F. Doreleijers, Yoko Harano, Yannis E. Ioannidis, Jundong Lin, Miron Livny, et al. 2008. "BioMagResBank." Nucleic Acids Research 36 (D1): D402–D408. [DOI ↗]
  4. Horai, Hisayuki, Masanori Arita, Shigehiko Kanaya, Yoshito Nihei, Tasuku Ikeda, Kazuhiro Suwa, Yuya Ojima, et al. 2010. "MassBank: A Public Repository for Sharing Mass Spectral Data for Life Sciences." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 45 (7): 703–714. [DOI ↗]
  5. Linstrom, P.J., and W.G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗
  6. McDonald, M. Shane, Mike McAvoy, and Ajit Bhalerao. 1988. "JCAMP-DX: A Standard Form for Exchange of Infrared Spectra in Computer Readable Form." Applied Spectroscopy 42 (1): 151–162. [DOI ↗]
  7. PubChem. 2024. "PubChem Compound Database." National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
Proprietà strutturali

Caricamento dei dati strutturali...

❓ Domande frequenti (3)
What is 7697-37-2?
7697-37-2 (CAS 7697-37-2) is a chemical compound. The chemical data comes from PubChem (National Institutes of Health, USA).
Utile?
What is the CAS number of 7697-37-2?
The CAS number for 7697-37-2 is 7697-37-2. A CAS Registry Number is the standard identifier for a chemical substance in scientific literature and in trade.
Utile?
How should 7697-37-2 be stored?
7697-37-2 should be stored as its safety data sheet directs \— typically in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat and from materials it is incompatible with.
Utile?
➕ Suggerisci una domanda
Scarica i file di struttura

File di struttura molecolare dal database PubChem (NIH). Compatibili con i programmi: Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, ChemDraw.

Fonte: PubChem, National Library of Medicine (NIH). CID: 944

🔄 Convertitore di unità di concentrazione LIVE

Inserisci la concentrazione Nitric Acid in qualsiasi unità — il resto verrà calcolato automaticamente.

MW: 63.013 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ Formule di conversione + citazioni (per formula)
ConversionFormulaAccuratezzaSource
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliografia (8 fonti autorevoli)
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811-2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Strutture molecolari simili

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🧪 Procedura guidata di preparazione della soluzione WIZARD
① Seleziona la concentrazione
② Volume finale
③ Solvente

Calcoli secondo: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, Merck ↗

Chimica computazionale

Caricamento dei dati computazionali...

🔬 Guida al controllo della purezza Controllo qualità

Verifica la purezza del reagente utilizzando metodi analitici standardizzati. Seleziona un metodo di analisi qui sotto e inserisci i risultati delle misurazioni per il calcolo automatico.

🛡️ Sicurezza — CAS 7697-37-2
Avviso sulle limitazioni dei dati. Le informazioni sulla sicurezza contenute in questa pagina hanno carattere informativo e non sostituiscono la scheda di dati di sicurezza (SDS) completa. Prima di utilizzare il prodotto, consultare la scheda di dati di sicurezza aggiornata del produttore e le linee guida GHS/CLP. La classificazione CLP riguarda la sostanza pura bulk, non i preparati commerciali.

Classificazione GHS/CLP — Regolamento (CE) n. 1272/2008 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021).

⚠️ Pericolo (Danger)
GHS03 — Comburente
GHS03 Comburente
GHS05 — Corrosivo
GHS05 Corrosivo
GHS06 — Tossico
GHS06 Tossico

🚨 Indicazioni di pericolo (H)

  • H272 — Può aggravare un incendio; comburente.
  • H330 — Letale se inalato.
  • H314 — Provoca gravi ustioni cutanee e gravi lesioni oculari.

🛡 Consigli di prudenza (P)

  • P210 — Tenere lontano da fonti di calore, superfici calde, scintille, fiamme libere o altre fonti di accensione. Non fumare.
  • P234 — Conservare soltanto nell'imballaggio originale.

✓ Classificazione armonizzata ai sensi dell'allegato VI del regolamento CLP (CE) 1272/2008 (classificazione ufficiale, vincolante). Numero indice: 007-004-00-1.

Riferimento (Chicago): European Chemicals Agency. "nitric acid …% [C > 70 %], Index No. 007-004-00-1." In Table 3 of Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), 23rd Adaptation to Technical Progress (harmonised list as of 2026-07-07). Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency, 2026. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.

Traduzioni: Regolamento CLP (CE) 1272/2008, Allegato III e IV. Dati: PubChem/NLM.

📚 Riferimenti scientifici consolidati — Chicago Author-Date 10 sources

Riferimenti raccolti da tutte le schede del Safety Hub. CAS: 7697-37-2 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS, Normative
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. Primo soccorso, Tossicologia
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] Primo soccorso, DPI, Tossicologia
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] DPI
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] Smaltimento, Normative
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] Stoccaggio
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] Stoccaggio
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. Norme nazionali — Polonia [↗] Smaltimento
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] Tossicologia

Le schede con riferimenti propri (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) contengono ulteriori voci bibliografiche all'interno delle rispettive sezioni.

📈 Statistica analitica (t-test · RSD · Grubbs · Q-Dixon) ICH Q2

Incolla una serie di misure replicate (CSV oppure un numero per riga). Il calcolatore calcolerà la media, la deviazione standard e il 95% CI, e rileverà gli outlier (Grubbs + Dixon Q).

Separatore: virgola, spazio, tab, nuova riga. Min 3 misurazioni.
📐 Formule statistiche
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — media aritmetica
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — varianza campionaria
  • s = √s² — deviazione standard
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — deviazione standard relativa
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — test di Grubbs
  • Q = |xsuspect - xnearest| / |xmax - xmin| — Dixon Q-test

Fonte: ICH Q2(R2) Validation of Analytical Procedures · ICH PDF ↗

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Passo 1: Scegli un sistema tampone

📜 Cronologia delle ricette (ultime 10)
Stato farmacologico

Badania kliniczne Faza 3

Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
Approvato

Fase III — studi comparativi multicentrici su un'ampia popolazione.

ChEMBL CHEMBL1352 ↗

🚚 Classificazione di trasporto (ADR / IATA / IMDG) UN 2031
Numero UN
UN 2031
Nitric acid (<70%)
Corrosive Oxidizer
Source: ADR 2025 Tabela A (adr_dangerous_goods.json)

🛣️ ADR Trasporto stradale

Classe:
8
Rischi sussidiari:
5.1
Gruppo di imballaggio:
II
Nome di spedizione:
Nitric acid (<70%)
Codice galleria:
(E)
Limited Quantity (L):
1

✈️ IATA Trasporto aereo

Classe:
8
Istruzioni di imballaggio:
854 / 855
Quantità max (PAX):
1 L
Quantità max (CAO):
2.5 L

🚢 IMDG Trasporto marittimo

Classe:
8
EmS Code:
F-A, S-Q
📅 Project Planner — Gestore degli esperimenti di laboratorio NOVITÀ

Pianifica l'intero progetto di laboratorio: aggiungi esperimenti con reagenti, repliche e durata. Otterrai un diagramma di Gantt, una lista degli acquisti (con link al negozio!), un budget con un margine del 10% e una matrice dei rischi GHS.

🧪 Solubilità e compatibilità con i solventi
Molecola
Nitric Acid
Formula
HNO3
logP (XLogP3)
0.20
Massa (g/mol)
63.013
Polarità
Moderata

⚠️ Stima GC (Hoftyzer-Van Krevelen). Nessun dato HSP di letteratura per questo CAS — precisione ±2 MPa½. Verificare sperimentalmente.

Ra < R₀ = buona miscibilità · Ra < 1,5×R₀ = al limite · oltre = scarsa (R₀ — raggio della sfera di Hansen di questa molecola) Per questa molecola R₀ = 8..

Solvente Compat. Ra Visuale GC-MS HPLC Applications Riferimenti
Water (H₂O)miscibile—
✗ NoA (aqueous) (RP)
buffercell cultureanalyticalextraction (hydrophilic)
Ethanol (EtOH)——nessuna base✗ NoA/B modifier (RP/NP)
extractionspectroscopy (UV-Vis)synthesisHPLC modifier
Methanol (MeOH)——nessuna base✗ NoA/B (RP) (RP)
HPLC (eluent)LC-MSKarl FischerUV-transparent to 205 nm
Acetone——nessuna base✗ NoB modifier (NP)
GC headspacecrystallisationdegreasingsynthesis
Acetonitrile (ACN)——nessuna base✗ NoB (RP) (RP)
HPLC eluent (gold standard)LC-MS (low UV cut-off, 190 nm)peptide analysis
DMSO——nessuna base✗ NoN/A (N/A)
NMR (d6-DMSO)cell biology (cryopreservation)drug deliverysynthesis
THF——nessuna base✗ NoB (NP) (NP)
GPC/SEC (polymer analysis)Grignard synthesisorganometallics
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)——nessuna base✓ YesB (NP) (NP)
extractionNP-HPLCGC-MScrystallisation (anti-solvent)
Chloroform (CHCl₃)——nessuna base✓ YesN/A (toxic) (N/A)
NMR (CDCl3)lipid extraction (Folch method)NP-TLC
Hexane——nessuna base✓ YesA (NP) (NP)
NP-HPLCoil extraction (lipids)GC-MSTLC (NP)
Toluene——nessuna base✓ YesB (NP) (NP)
NMR (d8-toluene)synthesisazeotropic drying (Dean-Stark)
📚 Riferimenti scientifici per i solventi (Chicago Author-Date) — clicca per espandere

11 solventi · 54 citazioni complete (NIST/CRC/IARC/Hansen/Reichardt/Smallwood/Wypych/Armarego/Snyder/GESTIS) — di seguito.

Water (H₂O)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Water (CAS 7732-18-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 104th ed., Sec. 8 (Properties of Water)
  3. IAPWS — IAPWS Release on Static Dielectric Constant of Water
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Water
Ethanol (EtOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Ethanol (CAS 64-17-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Ethanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — Ethanol eluotropic
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Ethanol
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Ethanol
Methanol (MeOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Methanol (CAS 67-56-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Methanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — MeOH eluotropic, eo=0.95
  4. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Methanol
Acetone
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetone (CAS 67-64-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetone physical & thermodynamic constants
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Acetone (dD=15.5, dP=10.4, dH=7.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Acetone
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetone
Acetonitrile (ACN)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetonitrile constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — ACN gold-standard HPLC eluent
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — ACN dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetonitrile
DMSO
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — DMSO (CAS 67-68-5)
  2. Wypych 2019 — Handbook of Solvents Vol. 1 — DMSO comprehensive properties
  3. Hansen 2007 — HSP — DMSO (dD=18.4, dP=16.4, dH=10.2)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DMSO E_T(30)=45.1, dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — DMSO
THF
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — THF (CAS 109-99-9)
  2. Armarego 2009 — Purification of Laboratory Chemicals — THF drying & peroxide test
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — THF (dD=16.8, dP=5.7, dH=8.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — THF
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Tetrahydrofuran
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Dichloromethane (CAS 75-09-2)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — DCM (Group 2A carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — DCM (dD=18.2, dP=6.3, dH=6.1)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DCM polarity index
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Dichloromethane
Chloroform (CHCl₃)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Chloroform (CAS 67-66-3)
  2. IARC 73 — IARC Monograph 73 — Chloroform (Group 2B carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — CHCl3 (dD=17.8, dP=3.1, dH=5.7)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — CHCl3 H-bond donor strength
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Chloroform
n-Hexane
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — n-Hexane (CAS 110-54-3)
  2. ATSDR n-Hexane — ATSDR Toxicological Profile for n-Hexane — neuropatia periferica (l'n-esano NON è un cancerogeno secondo la IARC)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — n-Hexane (dD=14.9, dP=0, dH=0)
  4. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — n-Hexane NP standard, eo=0.00
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — n-Hexane
Toluene
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Toluene (CAS 108-88-3)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — Toluene
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Toluene (dD=18.0, dP=1.4, dH=2.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Toluene
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Toluene
Teoria della solubilità (applicata nella previsione della compatibilità):
  1. Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — Tripletta HSP (dD, dP, dH) + formula Ra.
  3. Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
  4. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solvatochromism.
  5. Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
  6. Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution for dD/dP/dH from SMILES.
  7. Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — Set tabulare completo di 250+ solventi (ε, μ, donicità, numeri di accettore).
  8. PubChem Compound Database — CAS 7697-37-2 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.

Bibliografia completa nell'accordion RIFERIMENTI (in fondo alla pagina) — Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date.

⚗️ Verifica la compatibilità della reazione
4 0 0 OX
Salute: 4/4
Infiammabilità: 0/4
Reattività: 0/4
Speciale: OX
Secondo NFPA 704 / calcolato dai codici H

Verifica se Nitric Acid è compatibile con un altro reagente

📦 Matrice di compatibilità di stoccaggio
Acidi Bases Ossidanti Infiammabile Tossico Gazy
Acidi ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Bases ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
Ossidanti ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Infiammabile ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
Tossico ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ Conservabili insieme · ⚠ Attenzione · ✗ NON conservare insieme · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

Dati di compatibilità da: Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 Calcolatori da laboratorio (8)
Dilution (C₁V₁=C₂V₂)
Molarità (M=n/V)
Tampone pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
Beer-Lambert (A=εcl)
Massa → Moli
Concentration % → M
ppm → mg/L
Temperatura C↔F↔K

Formule verificate: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 Database di spettri spettroscopici
📋 Generatore di protocolli di laboratorio

Protocollo generato sulla base di: GHS SDS, Aldrich Lab Guide ↗

🏷️ Generatore di etichette (QR)
Nitric Acid …%• Azotic acid / Aqua fortis• IUPAC: nitric acid• CAS: 7697-37-2• EC: 231-714-2• Formula: HNO3• Massa: 63.013 g/molPERICOLOINDICAZIONI DI PERICOLO GHS:H272 H330 H314 EUH071P210 P234Solo per uso di laboratorio!Nonsensia Ltd124-128 City Road, EC1V 2NX London[email protected]molgod.orgN. lotto: Massa netta:
⏳ Consulente di stabilità & durata di conservazione Arrhenius
Metodologia: Arrhenius equation k = A·exp(-Ea/RT). Citazione: Connors KA et al. 1986 · ICH Q1A(R2)

Inserisci le condizioni di conservazione → l'algoritmo di Arrhenius prevedrà la concentrazione residua, il tempo di dimezzamento e la raccomandazione d'uso.

Segni visivi di degradazione:
  • Yellow/brown = NO₂ formation
❄️ Raccomandazioni di conservazione
Temperature:
15-25°C, amber
Container:
Glass
Incompatible:
Organics (auto-ignition), bases, metals
🧪 Assistente di preparazione della soluzione (Smart Prep)

Inserisci cosa vuoi preparare — genererò una SOP

Esempi qui sotto — clicca per inserire:
Ricette predefinite:
📚 Panoramica della letteratura scientifica — CAS 7697-37-2
⭐ Risultati principali (letteratura scientifica) 19 publications
🏆 CAS 7697-37-2 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30% citazioni · 20% recency · 20% topic · 15% historical · 15% open access.
  1. #1
    Yannis Ziouane, Gilles Leturcq (2018) · ACS Omega
    Perché è importante: Open access
    SCORE 9.04 Meccanismo Citazioni: 28 Open Access DOI ↗
  2. #2
    et al. (2024) · Plants
    Perché è importante: Recente (2024) · open access
    SCORE 8.96 Meccanismo Citazioni: 7 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  3. #3
    et al. (2025) · Nature Communications
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 8.86 Industria Citazioni: 3 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  4. #4
    Dimitrios Marinis; Ergina Farsari; Eleftherios Amanatides (2025) · Materials
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 7.95 Meccanismo Citazioni: 1 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  5. #5
    et al. (2025) · Gels
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025) · open access
    SCORE 7.95 Meccanismo Citazioni: 1 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  6. #6
    Ji Ung Choi; Woo Sub Shim (2024) · Heliyon
    Perché è importante: Recente (2024) · open access
    SCORE 7.68 Meccanismo Citazioni: 2 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    Lukáš Alexa; Hana Cigánková; Pavel Mikuška (2026) · Talanta
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Analitica Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  8. #8
    et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Plant Science
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  9. #9
    Xiao Ge, Tiansheng He, Wenchen Song et al. (2026) · RSC Advances
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Industria Open Access DOI ↗
  10. #10
    et al. (2026) · Advanced Science
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  11. #11
    J. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Liu et al. (2026) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Meccanismo Open Access DOI ↗
  12. #12
    et al. (2026) · Journal of Hazardous Materials
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026)
    SCORE 5.7 Industria Citazioni: 1 DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  13. #13
    et al. (2026) · Chemical Communications
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026)
    SCORE 5.6 Meccanismo DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  14. #14
    Wang Y; Li T; Yu Y et al. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
    Perché è importante: Must-cite (canone) · rassegna
    SCORE 5.2 Rassegna MUST-CITE DOI ↗
  15. #15
    et al. (2026) · Inorganic Chemistry
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026)
    SCORE 4.8 Meccanismo DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  16. #16
    et al. (2025) · Analytica Chimica Acta
    Perché è importante: Recente (2025)
    SCORE 4.8 Industria DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  17. #17
    Crowther ER; Demers JD; Blum JD et al. (2023) · Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
    Perché è importante: Must-cite (canone) · recente (2023)
    SCORE 4.7 Analitica MUST-CITE DOI ↗
  18. #18
    et al. (2026) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
    Perché è importante: Recente (2026)
    SCORE 4 Meccanismo DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  19. #19
    Steverlynck L; Baert N; Buylaert W et al. (2017) · Acta clinica Belgica
    Perché è importante: Must-cite (canone) · rassegna
    SCORE 2.1 Rassegna MUST-CITE DOI ↗

Perché questa pagina è verificabile

Identità

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A safety data sheet for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %], CAS 7697-37-2, in the sixteen-section structure required across the European Union. The deliverable is the document itself.

nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] (CAS 7697-37-2) at a glance

  • Substance – nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]
  • CAS number – 7697-37-2
  • EC number – 231-714-2
  • CLP Annex VI index number – 007-004-00-1
  • Hazard statements – H272 (may intensify fire; oxidiser); H330 (fatal if inhaled); H314 (causes severe skin burns and eye damage)
  • Hazard classes – Ox. Liq. 2, Acute Tox. 1, Skin Corr. 1A
  • Label pictograms – GHS03, GHS05, GHS06
  • Signal word – Danger
  • Annex VI notes – B
  • Concentration limits / M-factor / ATE – Ox. Liq. 3;H272: C ≥ 65.0%;inhalation: ATE = 2.65 mg/L vapours;Skin Corr. 1A;H314: C ≥ 20.0%;Skin Corr. 1B;H314: 5.0% ≤ C < 20.0%
  • Entry current as of – ATP15
  • CMR classification – not classified as CMR in the harmonised entry
  • Documentation issued – safety data sheet in REACH Annex II structure; working draft or signed card
  • What is supplied – a document. MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

What do customs check when importing nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

When a consignment of nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is stopped at the border, the document examined first is rarely the invoice. It is section 14 of the safety data sheet and its agreement with the transport papers. A missing packing group, an absent UN number or a proper shipping name that contradicts the classification of CAS 7697-37-2 will hold the pallet regardless of how complete the remaining fifteen sections are.

Where is regulatory status recorded for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

Whether CAS 7697-37-2 carries obligations beyond classification — candidate list entry, authorisation, restriction — belongs in section 15. Customers increasingly request a written statement on this point before placing an order, and the sheet is the natural place for it.

What is the EC number for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

Alongside CAS 7697-37-2, this substance carries EC number 231-714-2 and Annex VI index 007-004-00-1. European documentation is built around the EC number as often as around the CAS: registration dossiers, the candidate list and customs systems key on it. A safety data sheet quoting only one of the two forces every downstream reader to look up the other.

What Annex VI notes and concentration limits apply to nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

The Annex VI entry for CAS 7697-37-2 carries note B. Notes are not commentary: they modify how the classification applies — to concentration ranges, to specific forms of the substance, or to the labelling that follows from it. An entry read without its notes is read incompletely. The register also records Ox. Liq. 3;H272: C ≥ 65.0%;inhalation: ATE = 2.65 mg/L vapours;Skin Corr. 1A;H314: C ≥ 20.0%;Skin Corr. 1B;H314: 5.0% ≤ C < 20.0% for this entry. Specific concentration limits, M-factors and acute toxicity estimates override the generic cut-off values, so a mixture calculation that ignores them will classify the mixture wrongly in both directions.

Protective equipment and exposure controls

Section 8 outlines exposure controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]: appropriate glove materials, eye protection, respiratory protection when warranted by the hazard classification, and any established occupational exposure limits. The choice of glove material is more critical than merely wearing gloves; nitrile gloves are not universally suitable.

What concentration limits apply to nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

The harmonised entry for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] carries specific concentration limits: C ≤ 70 %; H272: C ≥ 65 %; H314: C ≥ 20 %; H314: 5 % ≤ C < 20 %. These override the generic cut-off values, so a mixture containing nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is classified against these figures and not against the default thresholds. Acute toxicity estimate stated in the register: inhalation: ATE = 2,65 mg/L.

Which GHS pictograms apply to nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

The label for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] carries GHS03 (flame over circle), GHS05 (corrosion), GHS06 (skull and crossbones), with the signal word Danger. These are not chosen by the supplier: CLP Annex VI states them for CAS 7697-37-2, and the precedence rules in Annex I decide which pictogram is dropped when two would say the same thing. A label showing a different set from the register is wrong even if every hazard statement on it is correct.

What must the label for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] contain?

The supply label for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is generated from the same classification that drives the safety data sheet: pictograms selected by precedence, one signal word derived from the highest hazard class present, and the hazard statements H272, H330, H314 reproduced in full. Where the container is too small to carry the complete set at a legible size, there are lawful ways to handle it and unlawful ones that look identical to a non-specialist.

What happens if a consignment of nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is refused?

A rejected document is typically complete and well-formatted but may be outdated or contain an incorrect consignment identifier. When a shipment of nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is refused, the authority’s notice usually specifies the faulty section. Examining this notice is more efficient than revisiting the entire file.

How is nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] classified for road, sea and air transport?

Carriers and forwarders handling nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] compare section 14 against the shipping papers before loading. Any disagreement stops the consignment at the point where correcting it is most expensive.

What is the UN number for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

For carriage, nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is assigned UN 2031, transport class 8, packing group II, with subsidiary risk 5.1. These entries belong in section 14 of the safety data sheet and must match the shipping papers exactly. A consignment where the sheet and the transport document disagree on the UN number is stopped before anyone reads the remaining fifteen sections.

Disposal route and waste classification

Waste generated from nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] must be classified by the waste holder, but the classification sheet needs to provide the information that this classification is based on. Therefore, sections 13 and 2 are read together, and any discrepancy between them is considered a defect.

Can I import nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] into the EU?

An import of CAS 7697-37-2 is successful or unsuccessful based on whether the accompanying document matches the register entry. Among substances listed in CLP Annex VI, a common failure arises from classification carried over from a supplier outside the Union, where the same substance may be classified differently. The binding reference is index 007-004-00-1, and discrepancies occur in regulated consignments.

What is the CLP classification of nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

The harmonised classification for CAS 7697-37-2 carries 3 hazard statements: H272, H330, H314. In plain terms this means may intensify fire; oxidiser; fatal if inhaled; causes severe skin burns and eye damage. A harmonised entry is binding across the Union — an importer may not soften it, and a self-classification that diverges from it will not survive an enforcement check.

Identifiers that must agree

The CAS 7697-37-2 number and index number 007-004-00-1 are not interchangeable or decorative elements; they serve distinct purposes. The index number connects to the harmonised classification system, whereas the CAS number links to chemical literature. A document containing one without the other requires readers to independently reconstruct this relationship, which may lead to errors during reconstruction.

Questions about documentation for nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]

In which language must the sheet be supplied?

In an official language of each Member State where nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] is placed on the market, unless that State has stated otherwise.

Can I check whether my existing sheet is still valid?

Yes. A section-by-section reading against Annex II and the current harmonised entry establishes that in one pass, and a sheet that passes is reported as passing.

Do I need a safety data sheet to import nitric acid …% [C > 70 %] into the EU?

Yes. A sheet compiled to Annex II of REACH must exist before the first consignment moves, and it must be held by the entity placing the substance on the Union market.

What is the CAS number of nitric acid …% [C > 70 %]?

CAS 7697-37-2. In CLP Annex VI the same substance carries index number 007-004-00-1, and both identifiers should appear in the documentation.

MolGod.org issues documentation and does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances. CAS 7697-37-2 identifies the subject of this document.

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The document is generated by the MolGod engine from ECHA CLP Annex VI and the cited public sources, then read section by section by a qualified scientific reviewer with a degree in chemistry or a related scientific field.
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⚗️ Jonizacja w funkcji pH (Henderson-Hasselbalch)

Typ: Kwas · pKa: -1.4

024681012140%50%100%% zjonizowany% niejonowypH
pH% jonowy% niejonowy
096.2 %3.8 %
2100.0 %0.0 %
4100.0 %0.0 %
6100.0 %0.0 %
8100.0 %0.0 %
10100.0 %0.0 %
12100.0 %0.0 %
14100.0 %0.0 %
Fonti per questa sostanza (5)
  • CRC Handbook 91st ed.
    Lide, David R., ed. 2010. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • CRC Handbook 105th ed.
    Haynes, William M., David R. Lide, and Thomas J. Bruno, eds. 2024. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 105th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • NIST WebBook — link
    Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook. NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  • PubChem CID 944 — link
    Kim, Sunghwan, Jie Chen, Tiejun Cheng, Asta Gindulyte, Jia He, Siqian He, Qingliang Li, et al. 2023. "PubChem 2023 update." Nucleic Acids Research 51 (D1): D1373-D1380. PubChem CID 944.
  • IUPAC
    Serjeant, E. P., and Boyd Dempsey. 1979. Ionisation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous Solution. IUPAC Chemical Data Series No. 23. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Bibliografia metody (Chicago)
  • Henderson, L. J. 1908. "Concerning the Relationship between the Strength of Acids and Their Capacity to Preserve Neutrality." American Journal of Physiology 21 (4): 173-179.
  • Hasselbalch, K. A. 1917. "Die Berechnung der Wasserstoffzahl des Blutes aus der freien und gebundenen Kohlensäure desselben." Biochemische Zeitschrift 78: 112-144.
  • Po, Henry N., and N. M. Senozan. 2001. "The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation: Its History and Limitations." Journal of Chemical Education 78 (11): 1499-1503.
  • Avdeef, Alex. 2012. "Absorption and Drug Development: Solubility, Permeability, and Charge State." 2nd ed. Wiley.
  • Avdeef, Alex. 2007. "Solubility of sparingly-soluble ionizable drugs." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 59 (7): 568-590.
  • Volgyi, Gergely, et al. 2007. "Potentiometric and spectrophotometric pKa determination of water-insoluble compounds." Analytica Chimica Acta 583 (2): 418-428.
  • Fini, Adamo, Giuseppe Fazio, and Giuseppina Feroci. 1997. "Solubility and solubilization properties of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs." Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 70 (4): 305-318.
  • Mauger, John W., Anthony N. Paruta, and Robert J. Gerraughty. 1972. "Solubilities of sulfadiazine, sulfisomidine, and sulfadimethoxine." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 61 (1): 94-97.
  • Lyman, Warren J., William F. Reehl, and David H. Rosenblatt. 1990. "Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods." American Chemical Society.
  • Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. "The Properties of Solvents." Wiley.
  • Serjeant, E. P., and Boyd Dempsey. 1979. Ionisation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous Solution. IUPAC Chemical Data Series No. 23. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
  • Perrin, Douglas D. 1965. Dissociation Constants of Organic Bases in Aqueous Solution. IUPAC. London: Butterworths.
  • Goldberg, Robert N., Nand Kishore, and Rebecca Lennen. 2002. "Thermodynamic Quantities for the Ionization Reactions of Buffers." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 31 (2): 231-370.
  • Rumble, John R., Thomas J. Bruno, Maria J. Doa, and Donald R. Burgess, eds. 2024. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 105th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Lide, David R., ed. 2010. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 91st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Kim, Sunghwan, Jie Chen, Tiejun Cheng, Asta Gindulyte, Jia He, Siqian He, Qingliang Li, et al. 2023. "PubChem 2023 update." Nucleic Acids Research 51 (D1): D1373-D1380.
  • Knox, Craig, Mike Wilson, Christen M. Klinger, Mark Franklin, Eponine Oler, Alex Wilson, Allison Pon, et al. 2024. "DrugBank 6.0: the DrugBank Knowledgebase for 2024." Nucleic Acids Research 52 (D1): D1265-D1275.
  • Zdrazil, Barbara, Eloy Felix, Fiona Hunter, Emma J. Manners, James Blackshaw, Sybilla Corbett, Marleen de Veij, et al. 2024. "The ChEMBL Database in 2023." Nucleic Acids Research 52 (D1): D1180-D1192.
  • Kanehisa, Minoru, Miho Furumichi, Yoko Sato, Masayuki Kawashima, and Mari Ishiguro-Watanabe. 2023. "KEGG for taxonomy-based analysis of pathways and genomes." Nucleic Acids Research 51 (D1): D587-D592.
  • Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook. NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  • Nelson, David L., and Michael M. Cox. 2017. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 7th ed. New York: W. H. Freeman.
📄 Certificati di Analisi (CoA) CAS 7697-37-2 nessuno

Nessun certificato per questo prodotto nel database.

📚 Riferimenti scientifici (Chicago Author-Date) — fare clic per espandere

Standard di gestione dei lotti e di certificazione di laboratorio — 13 fonti indipendenti (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [link ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [link ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [link ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [link ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [link ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [link ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [link ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [link ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [link ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [link ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [link ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [link ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [link ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
☣️ Tossicità (LD50 / LC50) GHS Cat 4 — Bassa
LD50
430 mg/kg[1]
Gatunek / droga
Rat / doustnie
Klasyfikacja
Moderately toxic[2][3]
Skala GHS (Acute Toxicity, oral, mg/kg bw):
Cat 1 (≤5)
Cat 2 (5–50)
Cat 3 (50–300)
Cat 4 (300–2000)
Cat 5 (2000–5000)

Fonte: RTECS QU5775000; OSHA Chemical Database 2024 (2024). CAS 7697-37-2.

I dati LD50/LC50 hanno valore puramente indicativo; non sostituiscono la scheda di dati di sicurezza (SDS) né la valutazione di un esperto tossicologo. Classificazione GHS per la via orale (mg/kg bw) secondo UN GHS, 10ª rev. 2023, Annex 1 §3.1.1.

Bibliografia (Chicago)
  1. NIOSH. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). Cincinnati: NIOSH.
  2. United Nations. 2023. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)." 10th rev. ed. New York: UN.
  3. Hodge, Harold C., and James H. Sterner. 1949. "Tabulation of toxicity classes." American Industrial Hygiene Association Quarterly 10 (4): 93-96.
Ulteriori fonti (metodologia, non citate direttamente):
  • U.S. EPA. 2024. "ChemView." https://chemview.epa.gov/.
  • Lipnick, Robert L., et al. 1995. "Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD50, and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures." Food and Chemical Toxicology 33 (3): 223-231.
  • ATSDR. 2024. "Toxicological Profiles." Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/.
  • Hayes, Wallace, and Claire L. Kruger, eds. 2014. "Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology." 6th ed. CRC Press.
  • Lewis, Richard J. 2012. "Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials." 12th ed. Wiley.
  • IARC. 2024. "Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans." International Agency for Research on Cancer (classification criteria for carcinogenicity: IARC Group 1/2A/2B).
  • Pohanish, Richard P. 2017. "Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens." 7th ed. Elsevier.
  • Bingham, Eula, Barbara Cohrssen, and Charles H. Powell, eds. 2012. "Patty's Toxicology." 6th ed. Wiley.
  • WHO. 2023. "Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard." World Health Organization (zgodne z UN GHS Annex 1 §3.1.1).
Dati da PubChemFonte: PubChem (NIH) · ChEMBL
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📚 RIFERIMENTI (Bibliografia complessiva, Chicago Author-Date) 79 elementi

Tutte le fonti scientifiche citate negli accordion sopra per il CAS 7697-37-2.Formato: Chicago Manual of Style 17ª ed., sistema Author-Date.

🗄️ Banche dati scientifiche

  1. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 7697-37-2. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=7697-37-2.
  2. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 7697-37-2. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  3. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  4. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 7697-37-2. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=7697-37-2.

📐 Standard / Linee guida

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 Libri

  1. Rumble, John R., ed. 2024. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 105th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  3. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  4. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471734683.
  5. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  6. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📄 Articoli scientifici (peer-reviewed)

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

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COMPUTED — PubChem3D · 3D conformer computed by PubChem using OMEGA; not an experimental structure.
Nitric Acid (CAS 7697-37-2), HNO3 - 3D ball-and-stick molecular model, engraved element symbols (H N O), MolGod STL previewScarica immagine

MG_912-647-617-05 · engraved · 76,986 △ · 4 MB · SHA-256 eede09c8b197c254

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Nitric Acid (CAS 7697-37-2), HNO3 - 3D ball-and-stick molecular model, MolGod STL previewScarica immagine

MG_912-647-617-05 · normal · 1,984 △ · 97 KB · SHA-256 5910a5c9d2e4426e

Scarica il modello 3D

Modello
Nitric Acid · 7697-37-2
InChIKey
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Licenza
CC BY-SA 4.0 International
Attribuzione
MolGod Scientific — Nitric Acid (CAS 7697-37-2)
Scheda di licenza e provenienza
Nitric Acid (CAS 7697-37-2) →
Scheda molecolare MolGod
Nitric Acid →
Dati di origine
PubChem CID 944 ↗
Informazioni sul modello
STL generato da MolGod · MolGod STL Exporter build 97d4498f28a7 · generato il 2026-10-04
SHA-256 (STL)
5910a5c9d2e4426e9cae1634b2c8a37cb418b8c12030e3846af864e8f8c61151
MD5 (STL)
668384db24aace6653978161aae03413
MolGod Identification Number
MG_912-647-617-05
Trasformazione
Mesh a sfere e bastoncini MolGod Scientific
Modifiche
Convertito in una mesh molecolare triangolata; coordinate atomiche e connettività invariate.
Wikimedia Commons
non ancora pubblicato

Questa licenza si applica alla mesh STL creata da MolGod, non automaticamente al materiale di origine di terzi.