n-hexane (CAS 110-54-3) — Safety Data Sheet

Safety data sheet documentation for n-hexane (CAS 110-54-3), compiled to REACH Annex II with classification read against the harmonised entry in CLP Annex VI (H225, H361f, H304, H336). Two options: a working draft sent by e-mail immediately, or a signed card issued within 72 hours of complete input. The item supplied is a document — MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

Free, and generated automatically from the sources listed on this page. No person has reviewed it, and it describes the substance in general — not your material, your process or your intended market.

REACH 2020/878
v4 · 07.09.2026
Veiligheidsinformatieblad downloaden (PDF)CAS 110-54-3 · PDF · 186 KBWerkversie — nog niet beoordeeld en goedgekeurd.

Rubriek 9 — fysisch-chemische eigenschappen: 14 van 22 vastgesteld.

We tonen wat vaststaat en benoemen wat niet vaststaat. Indeling en identiteit zijn op elke kaart volledig; in rubriek 9 zijn openbare gegevens schaars.

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Wat er in het inkooppakket zit

Alles waar uw compliance officer om zal vragen, in één bestand.

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🧬 3D-molecuulvisualisator
Molecuul laden...
3D-model Hexane, CAS 110-54-3, molecuulformule C6H14, molaire massa 86.18 g/mol

Gegevens overgenomen uit regelgevende registers en vakliteratuur, met vermelding van bron en editie. Zij vervangen niet het veiligheidsinformatieblad van de leverancier. Velden zonder vastgelegde bron zijn als zodanig gemarkeerd.

📊 Fysisch-chemische gegevens — CAS 110-54-3
📊 Fysisch-chemische eigenschappen

Snel overzicht

Formule: C6H14
MW: 86.18 g/mol
CAS: 110-54-3
Uiterlijk: Vloeistof
Geur: Benzine-achtige geur

Gedetailleerde eigenschappen

Aanvulling op de tabel ‘Fysisch-chemische eigenschappen (database)’ hieronder — waarden die daar al staan, worden niet herhaald.

Eigenschap Waarde Eenheid Condities Bron
Brekingsindex (nD) 1.3749 20 °C, D-line Reid, Prausnitz, Poling 4th ed. (1987)
🔬 Geavanceerde eigenschappen

Chemische identificatoren

SMILES: CCCCCC

Gegevensbronnen: Reid, Prausnitz, Poling 4th ed. (1987) (ISBN 9780070517998)

Laatst bijgewerkt: 2026-08-25

Chemisch overzicht: Hexane
MolecuulformuleC6H14[1]
Molecuulmassa86.18 g/mol[1]
Smeltpunt-95.32 °C[2][3]
Kookpunt68.73 °C (760 mmHg)[2][3]
Dichtheid0.6606 g/cm³[2]
LogP (lipofiliteit)3.9[1]
IUPAC-naamhexane[1]
SMILESCCCCCC[1]
InChIKeyVLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]

Synoniemen: HEXANE · n-Hexane · 110-54-3 · Skellysolve B · Esani

Gegevensbronnen: PubChem (NLM/NIH), Reid, Prausnitz, Poling 4th ed. (1987)
Laatst bijgewerkt: 2026-08-25

📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date) (3 bronnen)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ van toepassing op: Molecuulformule · Molecuulmassa · LogP (lipofiliteit) · IUPAC-naam · SMILES · InChIKey
  2. DECHEMA, PTB, and BAM. CHEMSAFE - Database of Evaluated Safety Characteristics for the Avoidance of Explosions. Frankfurt am Main: DECHEMA e.V.; Braunschweig/Berlin: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and Bundesanstalt fur Materialforschung und -prufung. ↗ van toepassing op: Smeltpunt · Kookpunt · Dichtheid
  3. NIST. Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69. National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗ van toepassing op: Smeltpunt · Kookpunt

WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK

[1]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Comparative metabolic profiling, enzyme inhibitory activities, and in-silico analysis of the hexane extract and the hydrodistilled oil of Boswellia serrata.". https://doi.org/10.1371/
[2]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Extraction of Phospholipids From Crude Rapeseed Oil by n-Hexane/Alcohol System: Effects of Solvent Composition on Extraction Performance and Oil Quality.". https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn
[3]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation with Secondary Diazoacetamides to Access endo-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxamides.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6c00392
[4]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Comparative chemical and biological study of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae).". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33660-w
[5]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Antioxidant activities and toxicity of dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of Annona squamosa L. leaves.". https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_231_25
[6]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "Hexane extract of Plumbago europaea L. aerial parts: phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07370g
[7]Europe PMC2026
et al.. (2026). "In silico anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory study on GC-MS-based profiling of chloroform and hexane extracts of Erigeron multiradiatus.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s40203-02
[8]Europe PMC2025
et al.. (2025). "Confined growth of UiO-66 into ultrahigh-loading membranes for efficient hexane isomer separation.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc04212g
📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date) 20 refs · 4 baz

MOLECULE Bibliografie per CAS (live uit 13+ databases)

Bronnen: db:Europe PMC (10) · db:openalex (8) · db:pubmed (1) · db:core (1)

  1. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Comparative metabolic profiling, enzyme inhibitory activities, and in-silico analysis of the hexane extract and the hydrodistilled oil of Boswellia serrata.". https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348178 →
  2. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Extraction of Phospholipids From Crude Rapeseed Oil by n-Hexane/Alcohol System: Effects of Solvent Composition on Extraction Performance and Oil Quality.". https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71866 →
  3. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation with Secondary Diazoacetamides to Access endo-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxamides.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6c00392 →
  4. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Comparative chemical and biological study of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae).". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33660-w →
  5. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Antioxidant activities and toxicity of dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of Annona squamosa L. leaves.". https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_231_25 →
  6. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "Hexane extract of Plumbago europaea L. aerial parts: phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07370g →
  7. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2026). "In silico anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory study on GC-MS-based profiling of chloroform and hexane extracts of Erigeron multiradiatus.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s40203-026-00645-0 →
  8. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2025). "Confined growth of UiO-66 into ultrahigh-loading membranes for efficient hexane isomer separation.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc04212g →
  9. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2025). "High-Pressure Phase Behavior of α-Olefin + n-Hexane + Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymer Systems: Experimental Study and Modeling.". https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18010064 →
  10. db:Europe PMC et al.. (2024). "Assessment of CPME as Sustainable Low VOC Alternative to Hexane: Optimization of Extraction Efficiency and Bioactive Compound Yield from Fenugreek Seed Oil Using Computational and Experimental Methods.". https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233899 →
  11. db:openalex Aleksandr Denisenko, Pavel Garbuz, Nataliya M. Voloshchuk et al.. (2023). "2-Oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes as saturated bioisosteres of the ortho-substituted phenyl ring". Nature Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01222-0 →
  12. db:openalex Christian Cravotto, Anne‐Sylvie Fabiano‐Tixier, Ombéline Claux et al.. (2022). "Towards Substitution of Hexane as Extraction Solvent of Food Products and Ingredients with No Regrets". Foods. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11213412 →
  13. db:pubmed Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D et al.. (2022). "RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, n-hexane, CAS Registry Number 110-54-3.". Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.112973 →
  14. db:openalex Van‐Dung Mai, Sera Shin, Dai-Soo Lee et al.. (2019). "Thermal Healing, Reshaping and Ecofriendly Recycling of Epoxy Resin Crosslinked with Schiff Base of Vanillin and Hexane-1,6-Diamine". Polymers. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11020293 →
  15. db:openalex Songjie Yu, Adam Noble, Robin B. Bedford et al.. (2019). "Methylenespiro[2.3]hexanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with [1.1.1]Propellane". Journal of the American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b10689 →
  16. db:openalex Jana Pastvová, Dalibor Kaucký, Jaroslava Morávková et al.. (2017). "Effect of Enhanced Accessibility of Acid Sites in Micromesoporous Mordenite Zeolites on Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane". ACS Catalysis. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01696 →
  17. db:openalex Daniel A. Paterson, Min Gao, Young‐Ki Kim et al.. (2016). "Understanding the twist-bend nematic phase: the characterisation of 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy)-6-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl)hexane (CB6OCB) and comparison with CB7CB". Soft Matter. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6sm00537c →
  18. db:openalex Hiroki Konno, Takuya Okamura, Takahito Kawahara et al.. (2012). "Kinetics of n-hexane cracking over ZSM-5 zeolites – Effect of crystal size on effectiveness factor and catalyst lifetime". Chemical Engineering Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.157 →
  19. db:core (2012). "n-Hexane 110-54-3". https://doi.org/10.1002/0471701343.sdp13638.pub2 →
  20. db:openalex June Dunnuck. (1991). "NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of of n-Hexane in B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (CAS No. 110-54-3).". PubMed.
Regelgevingsstatus van de stof
Deze stof is onderworpen aan reglementaire vereisten: beheer van gevaarlijke afvalstoffen (BDO — nationale regel, Polen); transport van gevaarlijke goederen (ADR/RID/IMDG). Details in de sectie "Regelgevingsstatus (REACH/ECHA/CLP)" en op de SDS. Regelgevingsinformatie — beperkt de aankoop in deze winkel niet.
🧮 Stoichiometrierekenmachine
🧪 Chemische gegevens
CAS-nummer
110-54-3
Molecuulformule
C6H14
Molaire massa
86.18 g/mol
IUPAC-naam (EN)
hexane
SMILES
CCCCCC
InChIKey
VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
📚 Related literature (20 artikelen)

Matched automatically from public bibliographic databases by text similarity. Not curated for this substance, and not part of the safety data sheet.

Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D et al. · (2022) · Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
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📡 Data sources

The data in this widget comes from the following verified scientific sources:

  • PubChem — National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI/NIH), USA
  • ChEMBL — European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), UK
  • NIST WebBook — National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA

Data is cached locally for speed — the widget also works offline.

⚗️ Physicochemical properties
Temp. wrzenia
68.8
Temp. topnienia
-95.2
Density
0.66

Source: PubChem, NIST WebBook. Last updated: 2026-08-25

🔍 Externe identificatoren
13 van 16 ID-systemen81%
DatabaseIdentificatorActies
CAS Registry Number110-54-3Openen →
PubChem CID8058[1]Openen →
InChIKeyVLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N[1]Openen →
InChIInChI=1S/C6H14/c1-3-5-6-4-2/h3-6H2,1-2H3[1]
SMILESCCCCCC[1]
EC Number203-777-6[2]Openen →
ChEMBLCHEMBL15939[3]Openen →
KEGG CompoundC11271Openen →
HMDBHMDB0029600Openen →
ChemSpider7767[4]Openen →
UNII (FDA)2DDG612ED8Openen →
NSC Number (NCI)68472Openen →
WikiData QIDQ150440Openen →

Bronnen: PubChem (NIH), Wikidata SPARQL, KEGG, ChEMBL (EBI), CompTox CTX (EPA).

📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date) (4 bronnen)
  1. PubChem. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NIH/NLM), chemical compound database. ↗ van toepassing op: PubChem CID · InChIKey · InChI · SMILES
  2. ECHA. EC Inventory — EINECS, ELINCS, NLP and List Numbers assigned under REACH. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency. ↗ van toepassing op: EC Number
  3. ChEMBL. European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), bioactivity database. ↗ van toepassing op: ChEMBL
  4. ChemSpider. Royal Society of Chemistry, chemical structure database. ↗ van toepassing op: ChemSpider
📡 Spectroscopie — CAS 110-54-3
📊 Spectra (NMR, IR, MS, UV-Vis) (1)

Beschikbare spectrumtypen: IR

IR-spectrum (KBr, 4000-400 cm⁻¹)

440 datapunten · Bron: NIST WebBook · NIST ↗ · 📥 JCAMP-DX
🎓 Gids voor spectruminterpretatie (voor studenten)
Hoe lees je een IR-spectrum
  • 3200-3600 cm⁻¹ — O-H-rekvibratie (brede piek = waterstofbrug)
  • 2850-3000 cm⁻¹ — C-H-rekvibratie (sp³)
  • 1650-1750 cm⁻¹ — C=O-rekvibratie (ketonen, aldehyden, esters)
  • 1400-1600 cm⁻¹ — trillingen van de aromatische ring
  • 1000-1300 cm⁻¹ — C-O-rekvibratie (ethers, alcoholen)
  • Geen absorptie = geen functionele groep → vergelijk met een referentie

Bronnen: LibreTexts ↗, Silverstein (Spectrometric ID) ↗

📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date) (7 bronnen)
  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2024. "NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69." Gaithersburg, MD: NIST. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  2. Spectral Database for Organic Structure Determination (SDBS). 2024. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
  3. Ulrich, Eldon L., Hideo Akutsu, John F. Doreleijers, Yoko Harano, Yannis E. Ioannidis, Jundong Lin, Miron Livny, et al. 2008. "BioMagResBank." Nucleic Acids Research 36 (D1): D402–D408. [DOI ↗]
  4. Horai, Hisayuki, Masanori Arita, Shigehiko Kanaya, Yoshito Nihei, Tasuku Ikeda, Kazuhiro Suwa, Yuya Ojima, et al. 2010. "MassBank: A Public Repository for Sharing Mass Spectral Data for Life Sciences." Journal of Mass Spectrometry 45 (7): 703–714. [DOI ↗]
  5. Linstrom, P.J., and W.G. Mallard, eds. 2024. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. ↗
  6. McDonald, M. Shane, Mike McAvoy, and Ajit Bhalerao. 1988. "JCAMP-DX: A Standard Form for Exchange of Infrared Spectra in Computer Readable Form." Applied Spectroscopy 42 (1): 151–162. [DOI ↗]
  7. PubChem. 2024. "PubChem Compound Database." National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Accessed 2025-01-01. ↗
Structurele eigenschappen

Structurele gegevens worden geladen...

❓ Veelgestelde vragen (3)
What is 110-54-3?
110-54-3 (CAS 110-54-3) is a chemical compound. The chemical data comes from PubChem (National Institutes of Health, USA).
Nuttig?
What is the CAS number of 110-54-3?
The CAS number for 110-54-3 is 110-54-3. A CAS Registry Number is the standard identifier for a chemical substance in scientific literature and in trade.
Nuttig?
How should 110-54-3 be stored?
110-54-3 should be stored as its safety data sheet directs \— typically in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat and from materials it is incompatible with.
Nuttig?
➕ Stel een vraag voor
Structuurbestanden downloaden

Moleculaire structuurbestanden uit de PubChem-database (NIH). Compatibel met programma's: Avogadro, PyMOL, Jmol, ChemDraw.

Bron: PubChem, National Library of Medicine (NIH). CID: 8058

🔄 Omrekenaar voor concentratie-eenheden LIVE

Voer de concentratie Hexane in een willekeurige eenheid in — de rest wordt automatisch berekend.

MW: 86.18 g/mol · IUPAC Gold Book ↗

⚗️ Conversieformules + citaten (per formule)
ConversieFormuleNauwkeurigheidBron
% (w/v) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (% × 10) / MW±0.5% rel. when density ≈ 1.0 g/mLIUPAC (2019)
millimolar ↔ molarc (mol/L) = mM × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
molarity (mol/L)c = n/V = (m/MW)/V±0.1% (depends on MW precision)IUPAC (2019)
parts per million (mg/L) ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = ppm / (1000 × MW); equivalently ppm = mg/L for dilute aqueous±1% (density-independent for dilute solutions)IUPAC (2019)
mg/mL ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (mg/mL × 1000) / MW / 1000 = mg/mL / MW × 1±0.2%Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
g/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (g/L) / MW±0.1% (depends on MW precision)Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
mmol/L ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = mmol/L × 10⁻³ExactCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
Celsius ↔ KelvinT(K) = t(°C) + 273.15±0.01 K (ITS-90 scale)BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019)
Celsius ↔ FahrenheitT(°F) = T(°C) × 9/5 + 32±0.1 °FThompson A, Taylor BN (2008)
density-corrected % ↔ molarityc (mol/L) = (%w/w × ρ × 10) / MW, ρ in g/mL±0.1% when ρ known to 3 decimalsCohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007)
📚 Bibliografie (8 gezaghebbende bronnen)
  1. Thompson A, Taylor BN (2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). NIST Special Publication 811 · DOI: 10.6028/NIST.SP.811-2008
    → Primary SI standard for US scientific usage
  2. Cohen ER, Cvitaš T, Frey JG, Holmström B, Kuchitsu K, Marquardt R, Mills I, Pavese F, Quack M, Stohner J, Strauss HL, Takami M, Thor AJ (2007). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry — The IUPAC Green Book. RSC Publishing, 3rd ed. · DOI: 10.1039/9781847557889 · ISBN: 978-0-85404-433-7
    → Canonical IUPAC guide for chemistry quantities/units
  3. BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) (2019). The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition. BIPM · ↗
    → International SI definitions (incl. redefined kilogram 2019)
  4. ISO/IEC (2022). Quantities and units — Part 1: General. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-1:2022 · ↗
    → General rules for physical quantities and units
  5. ISO/IEC (2019). Quantities and units — Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics. International Organization for Standardization — ISO 80000-9:2019 · ↗
    → Concentration / molality / amount-of-substance conventions
  6. Tiesinga E, Mohr PJ, Newell DB, Taylor BN (2021). CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018. Rev. Mod. Phys. 93(2):025010 · DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.93.025010
    → Avogadro, gas constant, molar volume (2019 SI revision)
  7. IUPAC (2019). Compendium of Chemical Terminology — the IUPAC Gold Book (online). IUPAC · DOI: 10.1351/goldbook
    → Definitions of mass fraction, molality, normality, ppm, activity
  8. Mills IM, Cvitaš T, Homann K, Kallay N, Kuchitsu K (1988). Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1st ed. · ISBN: 0-632-01773-5
    → Historical predecessor of IUPAC Green Book
Vergelijkbare moleculaire structuren

Vergelijkbare structuren worden geladen...

🧪 Wizard voor het bereiden van oplossingen WIZARD
① Selecteer concentratie
② Doelvolume
③ Oplosmiddel

Berekeningen volgens: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, Merck ↗

Computationele chemie

Computationele gegevens worden geladen...

🔬 Gids voor zuiverheidscontrole Kwaliteitscontrole

Verifieer de zuiverheid van het reagens met gestandaardiseerde analytische methoden. Selecteer hieronder een testmethode en voer uw meetresultaten in voor automatische berekening.

🛡️ Veiligheid — CAS 110-54-3
Mededeling over gegevensbeperkingen. De veiligheidsinformatie op deze pagina is uitsluitend ter informatie en vervangt geen volledig veiligheidsinformatieblad (SDS). Raadpleeg vóór gebruik van het product het actuele veiligheidsinformatieblad van de fabrikant en de GHS/CLP-richtlijnen. De CLP-indeling geldt voor de zuivere bulkstof, niet voor commerciële formuleringen.

GHS/CLP-indeling — Verordening (EG) nr. 1272/2008 + UN GHS Rev. 9 (2021).

⚠️ Gevaar (Danger)
GHS02 — Ontvlambaar
GHS02 Ontvlambaar
GHS07 — Irriterend / schadelijk
GHS07 Irriterend / schadelijk
GHS08 — Gezondheidsgevaar
GHS08 Gezondheidsgevaar
GHS09 — Milieugevaar
GHS09 Milieugevaar

🚨 Gevarenaanduidingen (H)

  • H225 — Licht ontvlambare vloeistof en damp.
  • H361f — Kan mogelijk de vruchtbaarheid schaden.
  • H304 — Kan dodelijk zijn als de stof bij inslikken in de luchtwegen terechtkomt.
  • H336 — Kan slaperigheid of duizeligheid veroorzaken.
  • H373 — Kan schade aan organen veroorzaken bij langdurige of herhaalde blootstelling.
  • H315 — Veroorzaakt huidirritatie.
  • H411 — Giftig voor in het water levende organismen, met langdurige gevolgen.

🛡 Voorzorgsmaatregelen (P)

  • P203 — Vóór gebruik alle veiligheidsinstructies raadplegen, lezen en opvolgen.

✓ Geharmoniseerde indeling overeenkomstig bijlage VI bij de CLP-verordening (EG) 1272/2008 (officiële, bindende indeling). Indexnummer: 601-037-00-0.

Referentie (Chicago): European Chemicals Agency. "n-hexane, Index No. 601-037-00-0." In Table 3 of Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP Regulation), 23rd Adaptation to Technical Progress (harmonised list as of 2026-07-07). Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency, 2026. https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.

Vertalingen: CLP-verordening (EG) 1272/2008, Bijlage III en IV. Gegevens: PubChem/NLM.

📚 Geconsolideerde wetenschappelijke referenties — Chicago Author-Date 10 bronnen

Referenties verzameld uit alle tabbladen van de Safety Hub. CAS: 110-54-3 · PubChem ↗

  1. Parlament Europejski i Rada UE. 2008. "Regulation (EC) nr 1272/2008 w sprawie klasyfikacji, oznakowania i pakowania substancji (CLP)." Dz.Urz. UE L 353. [↗] GHS, Regelgeving
  2. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). 2021. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Ninth Revised Edition." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] GHS
  3. Goldfrank, Lewis R., Robert S. Hoffman, Mary Ann Howland, et al.. 2019. "Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 11th ed.." McGraw-Hill Education, New York. ISBN 978-1-25-985961-8. Eerste hulp, Toxicologie
  4. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2023. "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS Publ. 2005-149)." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services / CDC, Cincinnati, OH. [↗] Eerste hulp, PBM, Toxicologie
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms." CEN, Brussels. [↗] PBM
  6. UNECE. 2023. "European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR 2025)." United Nations, Geneva. [↗] Verwijdering, Regelgeving
  7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2022. "NFPA 400 — Hazardous Materials Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. [↗] Opslag
  8. Urben, P.G. (ed.). 2017. "Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th ed.." Butterworth-Heinemann / Elsevier, Oxford. [↗] Opslag
  9. Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska RP. 2023. "Baza danych o produktach i opakowaniach oraz o gospodarce odpadami (BDO)." Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska, Warszawa. Nationale regels — Polen [↗] Verwijdering
  10. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC / WHO). 2024. "IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans — List of Classifications." WHO, Lyon. [↗] Toxicologie

Tabbladen met eigen referenties (Emergency, PPE, Storage, Waste) bevatten aanvullende bibliografische vermeldingen binnen hun respectieve secties.

📈 Analytische statistiek (t-test · RSD · Grubbs · Q-Dixon) ICH Q2

Plak een reeks herhaalde metingen (CSV of één getal per regel). De calculator berekent het gemiddelde, de standaardafwijking en 95% CI, en detecteert uitschieters (Grubbs + Dixon Q).

Scheidingsteken: komma, spatie, tab, nieuwe regel. Minimaal 3 metingen.
📐 Statistische formules
  • x̄ = Σxᵢ / n — rekenkundig gemiddelde
  • s² = Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n-1) — steekproefvariantie
  • s = √s² — standaardafwijking
  • RSD% = (s / x̄) × 100% — relatieve standaardafwijking
  • CI₉₅ = x̄ ± t(0.05, n-1) × s / √n — Student's t
  • G = |xᵢ - x̄| / s — Grubbs-test
  • Q = |xsuspect - xnearest| / |xmax - xmin| — Dixon Q-test

Bron: ICH Q2(R2) Validation of Analytical Procedures · ICH PDF ↗

🧪 Bufferrecept-calculator UNIEK

Kies een buffer uit de lijst van 20 populaire systemen → voer de streef-pH in → ontvang een exact recept met de af te wegen massa's.

Stap 1: Kies een buffersysteem

📜 Receptgeschiedenis (laatste 10)
Farmacologische status

Prekliniczny

Fase I
Fase II
Fase III
Goedgekeurd

Preklinisch — geen gegevens uit onderzoek bij mensen.

ChEMBL CHEMBL15939 ↗

🚚 Transportclassificatie (ADR / IATA / IMDG) UN 1208
UN-nummer
UN 1208
Hexanes
Flammable Neurotoxic
Bron: ADR 2025 Tabela A (adr_dangerous_goods.json)

🛣️ ADR Wegvervoer

Klasse:
3
Verpakkingsgroep:
II
Vervoersnaam:
Hexanes
Tunnelcode:
(D/E)
Limited Quantity (L):
1

✈️ IATA Luchtvervoer

Klasse:
3
Verpakkingsinstructies:
353 / 364
Max hoeveelheid (PAX):
1 L
Max hoeveelheid (CAO):
60 L

🚢 IMDG Zeevervoer

Klasse:
3
EmS Code:
F-E, S-D
📅 Project Planner — Lab experiment manager NIEUW

Plan uw volledige laboratoriumproject: voeg experimenten toe met reagentia, replicaten en duur. U ontvangt een Gantt-diagram, een boodschappenlijst (met links naar de winkel!), een budget met 10% marge en een GHS-risicomatrix.

🧪 Oplosbaarheid en compatibiliteit met oplosmiddelen
Molecuul
Hexane
Formule
C6H14
logP (XLogP3)
3.90
Massa (g/mol)
86.18
Polariteit
Hydrofoob (apolair)

⚠️ HSP-schatting (literatuur / group contribution). Indicatieve gegevens — vervangen geen experimenteel onderzoek.

Ra < R₀ = goede mengbaarheid · Ra < 1,5×R₀ = grensgeval · daarboven = slecht (R₀ — straal van de Hansen-bol van dit molecuul) Voor dit molecuul is R₀ = 7..

Oplosmiddel Compat. Ra Visueel GC-MS HPLC Toepassingen Referenties
Water (H₂O)0.013 g/L (gemeten)45.2
✗ NoA (aqueous) (RP)
buffercell cultureanalyticalextraction (hydrophilic)
Ethanol (EtOH)− Slecht21.4
✗ NoA/B modifier (RP/NP)
extractionspectroscopy (UV-Vis)synthesisHPLC modifier
Methanol (MeOH)− Slecht25.5
✗ NoA/B (RP) (RP)
HPLC (eluent)LC-MSKarl FischerUV-transparent to 205 nm
Acetone− Slecht12.6
✗ NoB modifier (NP)
GC headspacecrystallisationdegreasingsynthesis
Acetonitrile (ACN)− Slecht19.0
✗ NoB (RP) (RP)
HPLC eluent (gold standard)LC-MS (low UV cut-off, 190 nm)peptide analysis
DMSO− Slecht20.5
✗ NoN/A (N/A)
NMR (d6-DMSO)cell biology (cryopreservation)drug deliverysynthesis
THF− Slecht10.5
✗ NoB (NP) (NP)
GPC/SEC (polymer analysis)Grignard synthesisorganometallics
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)− Slecht11.0
✓ YesB (NP) (NP)
extractionNP-HPLCGC-MScrystallisation (anti-solvent)
Chloroform (CHCl₃)~ Gem.8.7
✓ YesN/A (toxic) (N/A)
NMR (CDCl3)lipid extraction (Folch method)NP-TLC
Hexane+ Goed0.0
✓ YesA (NP) (NP)
NP-HPLCoil extraction (lipids)GC-MSTLC (NP)
Toluene+ Goed6.7
✓ YesB (NP) (NP)
NMR (d8-toluene)synthesisazeotropic drying (Dean-Stark)
📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties voor oplosmiddelen (Chicago Author-Date) — klik om uit te vouwen

11 oplosmiddelen · 54 volledige bronvermeldingen (NIST/CRC/IARC/Hansen/Reichardt/Smallwood/Wypych/Armarego/Snyder/GESTIS) — hieronder.

Water (H₂O)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Water (CAS 7732-18-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 104th ed., Sec. 8 (Properties of Water)
  3. IAPWS — IAPWS Release on Static Dielectric Constant of Water
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Water
Ethanol (EtOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Ethanol (CAS 64-17-5)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Ethanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — Ethanol eluotropic
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Ethanol
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Ethanol
Methanol (MeOH)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Methanol (CAS 67-56-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Methanol physical constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — MeOH eluotropic, eo=0.95
  4. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Methanol
Acetone
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetone (CAS 67-64-1)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetone physical & thermodynamic constants
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Acetone (dD=15.5, dP=10.4, dH=7.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Acetone
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetone
Acetonitrile (ACN)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Acetonitrile (CAS 75-05-8)
  2. CRC — CRC Handbook — Acetonitrile constants
  3. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — ACN gold-standard HPLC eluent
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — ACN dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Acetonitrile
DMSO
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — DMSO (CAS 67-68-5)
  2. Wypych 2019 — Handbook of Solvents Vol. 1 — DMSO comprehensive properties
  3. Hansen 2007 — HSP — DMSO (dD=18.4, dP=16.4, dH=10.2)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DMSO E_T(30)=45.1, dipolar aprotic
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — DMSO
THF
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — THF (CAS 109-99-9)
  2. Armarego 2009 — Purification of Laboratory Chemicals — THF drying & peroxide test
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — THF (dD=16.8, dP=5.7, dH=8.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — THF
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Tetrahydrofuran
DCM (CH₂Cl₂)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Dichloromethane (CAS 75-09-2)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — DCM (Group 2A carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — DCM (dD=18.2, dP=6.3, dH=6.1)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — DCM polarity index
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Dichloromethane
Chloroform (CHCl₃)
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Chloroform (CAS 67-66-3)
  2. IARC 73 — IARC Monograph 73 — Chloroform (Group 2B carcinogen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — CHCl3 (dD=17.8, dP=3.1, dH=5.7)
  4. Reichardt 2011 — Solvents and Solvent Effects — CHCl3 H-bond donor strength
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Chloroform
n-Hexane
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — n-Hexane (CAS 110-54-3)
  2. ATSDR n-Hexane — ATSDR Toxicological Profile for n-Hexane — perifere neuropathie (n-hexaan is GEEN IARC-carcinogeen)
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — n-Hexane (dD=14.9, dP=0, dH=0)
  4. Snyder & Kirkland — Modern Liquid Chromatography — n-Hexane NP standard, eo=0.00
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — n-Hexane
Toluene
  1. NIST — NIST Chemistry WebBook — Toluene (CAS 108-88-3)
  2. IARC 71 — IARC Monograph 71 — Toluene
  3. Hansen 2007 — Hansen Solubility Parameters — Toluene (dD=18.0, dP=1.4, dH=2.0)
  4. Smallwood — Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties — Toluene
  5. GESTIS — GESTIS Substance Database — Toluene
Oplosbaarheidstheorie (toegepast bij de voorspelling van compatibiliteit):
  1. Yalkowsky, Samuel H., and Shri C. Valvani. 1980. "Solubility and Partitioning I: Solubility of Nonelectrolytes in Water." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 69 (8): 912–922. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600690814 — General Solubility Equation (GSE): logS = 0.5 − logP − 0.01(MP−25).
  2. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook. 2nd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420006834 — HSP-triplet (dD, dP, dH) + Ra-formule.
  3. Stefanis, E., and C. Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." Int J Thermophys 29: 568–585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z
  4. Reichardt, Christian, and Thomas Welton. 2011. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. Wiley-VCH. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527632220 — E_T(30) polarity scale, solvatochromism.
  5. Snyder, Lloyd R., Joseph J. Kirkland, and John W. Dolan. 2010. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470508183 — Eluotropic series, polarity index.
  6. Van Krevelen, D. W., and K. Te Nijenhuis. 2009. Properties of Polymers. 4th ed. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-054819-7.X0001-5 — Hoftyzer–Van Krevelen group contribution for dD/dP/dH from SMILES.
  7. Marcus, Yizhak. 1998. The Properties of Solvents. Wiley Series in Solution Chemistry, Vol. 4. ISBN 9780471983699 — Volledige tabellarische set van 250+ oplosmiddelen (ε, μ, doniciteit, acceptorgetallen).
  8. PubChem Compound Database — CAS 110-54-3 lookup ↗ — logP (XLogP3), water solubility experimental + predicted.

Volledige bibliografie in het accordeon REFERENTIES (onderaan de pagina) — Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed., Author-Date.

⚗️ Controleer de reactiecompatibiliteit
1 3 0
Gezondheid: 1/4
Ontvlambaarheid: 3/4
Reactiviteit: 0/4
Volgens NFPA 704 / berekend uit H-codes

Controleer of Hexane compatibel is met een ander reagens

📦 Opslagcompatibiliteitsmatrix
Zuren Basen Oxidatoren Ontvlambaar Giftig Gazy
Zuren ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Basen ✗ ✓ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠
Oxidatoren ✗ ⚠ ✓ ✗ ⚠ ✗
Ontvlambaar ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✓ ⚠ ✗
Giftig ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ⚠ ✓ ⚠
Gazy ✗ ⚠ ✗ ✗ ⚠ ✓
✓ Samen te bewaren · ⚠ Voorzichtig · ✗ NIET samen bewaren · OSHA Chemical Segregation ↗

Compatibiliteitsgegevens uit: Bretherick's Handbook (7th ed.) ↗, GESTIS ↗, ECHA REACH ↗, NFPA 704 ↗

🧮 Laboratoriumcalculators (8)
Verdunning (C₁V₁=C₂V₂)
Molariteit (M=n/V)
pH-buffer (Henderson-Hasselbalch)
Beer-Lambert (A=εcl)
Massa → Mol
Concentratie % → M
ppm → mg/L
Temperatuur C↔F↔K

Geverifieerde formules: IUPAC Gold Book ↗, DOI ↗

📊 Spectroscopische spectradatabases
📋 Generator van laboratoriumprotocollen

Protocol gegenereerd op basis van: GHS SDS, Aldrich Lab Guide ↗

🏷️ Etikettengenerator (QR)
Hexane• n-Hexane / Skellysolve B• IUPAC: hexane• CAS: 110-54-3• EC: 203-777-6• Formule: C6H14• Massa: 86.18 g/molGEVAARGHS-GEVARENAANDUIDINGEN:H225 H361f H304 H373 H315 H336 H411P203: Vóór gebruik alle veiligheidsinstructies raadplegen, lezen enopvolgen.Uitsluitend voor laboratoriumgebruik!Nonsensia Ltd124-128 City Road, EC1V 2NX London[email protected]molgod.orgBatchnr.: Nettogewicht:
Lipinski-descriptoren (structuur)

Radardiagram van drug-likeness (Lipinski Ro5 / Veber). Groene zone = overeenstemming met de criteria.

Voorspellende gegevens — eigenschappen berekend in silico (SMILES/RDKit). Deze vervangen geen klinische studies. Niet gebruiken voor de beoordeling van geneesmiddelen zonder experimentele verificatie.

MW86.2LogP3.9HBD0HBA0RotB3TPSA0 Ų
✓ Lipinski Ro5✓ Veber✓ Egan✗ Ghose (MW=86)✗ REOS (MW=86)✗ Lead-like Ro3 (LogP=3.9)
EigenschapWaardeBeoordeling
Absorptie (GI)hoog✓
BBB-permeabiliteitja (dringt door)
Biobeschikbaarheid (Daina 2017)
55%
CYP450-profielCYP1A2 non-inhibitorCYP2C9 non-inhibitorCYP2C19 non-inhibitorCYP2D6 non-inhibitorCYP3A4 non-inhibitor
PAINS-waarschuwingen0✓
Brenk-waarschuwingen0✓
pKa (pH 7.4)—
hERG (cardiotox.)✓ nee
P-gp-substraat—
Ames-mutageniteit✓ nee
DILI (hepatotox.)—
LogS (wateroplosb.)—
Bronnen (ADMET-methodologie)
  1. Lipinski, Christopher A., Franco Lombardo, Beryl W. Dominy, and Paul J. Feeney. 1997. "Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 23 (1-3): 3-25.
  2. Veber, Daniel F., Stephen R. Johnson, Hung-Yuan Cheng, et al. 2002. "Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 45 (12): 2615-2623.
  3. Daina, Antoine, Olivier Michielin, and Vincent Zoete. 2017. "SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness." Scientific Reports 7: 42717.
  4. Egan, William J., and Gregory Lauri. 2002. "Prediction of intestinal permeability." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 54 (3): 273-289.
  5. Baell, Jonathan B., and Georgina A. Holloway. 2010. "New substructure filters for removal of pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) from screening libraries." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 53 (7): 2719-2740.
  6. Brenk, Ruth, Alessandro Schipani, Daniel James, et al. 2008. "Lessons learnt from assembling screening libraries for drug discovery for neglected diseases." ChemMedChem 3 (3): 435-444.
  7. Ertl, Peter, and Ansgar Schuffenhauer. 2009. "Estimation of synthetic accessibility score of drug-like molecules based on molecular complexity and fragment contributions." Journal of Cheminformatics 1: 8.
  8. Bickerton, G. Richard, Gaia V. Paolini, Jérémy Besnard, Sorel Muresan, and Andrew L. Hopkins. 2012. "Quantifying the Chemical Beauty of Drugs." Nature Chemistry 4 (2): 90-98.
  9. Hopkins, Andrew L., and Colin R. Groom. 2002. "The Druggable Genome." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 1 (9): 727-730.
  10. Ghose, Arup K., Vellarkad N. Viswanadhan, and John J. Wendoloski. 1999. "A Knowledge-Based Approach in Designing Combinatorial or Medicinal Chemistry Libraries for Drug Discovery." Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 1 (1): 55-68.
  11. Tice, Raymond R., Christopher P. Austin, Robert J. Kavlock, and John R. Bucher. 2013. "Improving the Human Hazard Characterization of Chemicals: A Tox21 Update." Environmental Health Perspectives 121 (7): 756-765.
  12. Leeson, Paul D., and Brian Springthorpe. 2007. "The Influence of Drug-Like Concepts on Decision-Making in Medicinal Chemistry." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 6 (11): 881-890.
  13. Hann, Michael M. 2011. "Molecular Obesity, Potency and Other Addictions in Drug Discovery." MedChemComm 2 (5): 349-355.
  14. Davies, Mark, Michał Nowotka, George Papadatos, et al. 2015. "ChEMBL Web Services: Streamlining Access to Drug Discovery Data and Utilities." Nucleic Acids Research 43 (W1): W612-W620.
  15. Walters, W. Patrick, and Mark A. Murcko. 2002. "Prediction of 'Drug-Likeness.'". Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 54 (3): 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(02)00003-0.
  16. Congreve, Miles, Robin Carr, Christopher Murray, and Harren Jhoti. 2003. "A 'Rule of Three' for Fragment-Based Lead Discovery?" Drug Discovery Today 8 (19): 876–877. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6446(03)02831-9.
  17. Brenk, Ruth, Alessandro Schipani, Daniel James, Agata Krasowski, Iain Hugh Gilbert, Julie Frearson, and Paul Graham Wyatt. 2008. "Lessons Learnt from Assembling Screening Libraries for Drug Discovery for Neglected Diseases." ChemMedChem 3 (3): 435-444.
  18. Schomburg, Karen T., Sascha Bietz, Hans Briem, Andrea M. Henzler, Stefan Urbaczek, and Matthias Rarey. 2014. "Facing the Challenges of Structure-Based Target Prediction by Inverse Virtual Screening." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 54 (6): 1676-1686.
  19. Bemis, Guy W., and Mark A. Murcko. 1996. "The Properties of Known Drugs. 1. Molecular Frameworks." Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 39 (15): 2887-2893.
  20. Schomburg, Karen T., and Matthias Rarey. 2014. "What Is the Potential of Structure-Based Target Prediction Methods?" Future Medicinal Chemistry 6 (17): 1987-1989.
  21. et al.. (2026). "Comparative metabolic profiling, enzyme inhibitory activities, and in-silico analysis of the hexane extract and the hydrodistilled oil of Boswellia serrata.". https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348178
  22. et al.. (2026). "Extraction of Phospholipids From Crude Rapeseed Oil by n-Hexane/Alcohol System: Effects of Solvent Composition on Extraction Performance and Oil Quality.". https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71866
  23. et al.. (2026). "Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation with Secondary Diazoacetamides to Access endo-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxamides.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6c00392
  24. et al.. (2026). "Comparative chemical and biological study of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae).". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33660-w
  25. et al.. (2026). "Antioxidant activities and toxicity of dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of Annona squamosa L. leaves.". https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_231_25
  26. et al.. (2026). "Hexane extract of Plumbago europaea L. aerial parts: phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07370g
  27. et al.. (2026). "In silico anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory study on GC-MS-based profiling of chloroform and hexane extracts of Erigeron multiradiatus.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s40203-026-00645-0
  28. et al.. (2025). "Confined growth of UiO-66 into ultrahigh-loading membranes for efficient hexane isomer separation.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc04212g
  29. et al.. (2025). "High-Pressure Phase Behavior of α-Olefin + n-Hexane + Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymer Systems: Experimental Study and Modeling.". https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18010064
  30. et al.. (2024). "Assessment of CPME as Sustainable Low VOC Alternative to Hexane: Optimization of Extraction Efficiency and Bioactive Compound Yield from Fenugreek Seed Oil Using Computational and Experimental Methods.". https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233899
  31. Aleksandr Denisenko, Pavel Garbuz, Nataliya M. Voloshchuk et al.. (2023). "2-Oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes as saturated bioisosteres of the ortho-substituted phenyl ring". Nature Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01222-0
  32. Christian Cravotto, Anne‐Sylvie Fabiano‐Tixier, Ombéline Claux et al.. (2022). "Towards Substitution of Hexane as Extraction Solvent of Food Products and Ingredients with No Regrets". Foods. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11213412
  33. Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D et al.. (2022). "RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, n-hexane, CAS Registry Number 110-54-3.". Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.112973
  34. Van‐Dung Mai, Sera Shin, Dai-Soo Lee et al.. (2019). "Thermal Healing, Reshaping and Ecofriendly Recycling of Epoxy Resin Crosslinked with Schiff Base of Vanillin and Hexane-1,6-Diamine". Polymers. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11020293
  35. Songjie Yu, Adam Noble, Robin B. Bedford et al.. (2019). "Methylenespiro[2.3]hexanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with [1.1.1]Propellane". Journal of the American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b10689
  36. Jana Pastvová, Dalibor Kaucký, Jaroslava Morávková et al.. (2017). "Effect of Enhanced Accessibility of Acid Sites in Micromesoporous Mordenite Zeolites on Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane". ACS Catalysis. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01696
  37. Daniel A. Paterson, Min Gao, Young‐Ki Kim et al.. (2016). "Understanding the twist-bend nematic phase: the characterisation of 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy)-6-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl)hexane (CB6OCB) and comparison with CB7CB". Soft Matter. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6sm00537c
  38. Hiroki Konno, Takuya Okamura, Takahito Kawahara et al.. (2012). "Kinetics of n-hexane cracking over ZSM-5 zeolites – Effect of crystal size on effectiveness factor and catalyst lifetime". Chemical Engineering Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.157
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  52. Groom, Colin R., Ian J. Bruno, Matthew P. Lightfoot, and Suzanna C. Ward. 2016. "The Cambridge Structural Database." Acta Crystallographica Section B 72 (2): 171-179. ↗
⏳ Stabiliteits- & houdbaarheidsadviseur Arrhenius
Methodologie: Arrhenius equation k = A·exp(-Ea/RT). Citeren: Connors KA et al. 1986 · ICH Q1A(R2)

Voer de bewaaromstandigheden in → het Arrhenius-algoritme voorspelt de resterende concentratie, de halveringstijd en een gebruiksaanbeveling.

❄️ Bewaaraanbevelingen
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Oxidizers
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Voorbeelden hieronder — klik om in te voegen:
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📚 Overzicht van de wetenschappelijke literatuur — CAS 110-54-3
⭐ Belangrijkste bevindingen (wetenschappelijke literatuur) 20 publicaties
🏆 CAS 110-54-3 — multi-criteria ranking (W12): 30% citaties · 20% recentheid · 20% onderwerp · 15% historisch · 15% open access.
  1. #1
    et al. (2025) · 3 Biotech
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 8.86 Mechanisme Citaties: 3 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  2. #2
    et al. (2025) · Polymers
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 8.65 Industrie Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  3. #3
    et al. (2025) · Chemical Science
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 8.48 Industrie Citaties: 2 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  4. #4
    et al. (2024) · Foods
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2024) · open access
    SCORE 8.06 Mechanisme Citaties: 3 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  5. #5
    Yingyi Lin; Yong Wang; Ying Li (2025) · Food Chemistry: X
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 7.68 Mechanisme Citaties: 2 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  6. #6
    et al. (2026) · PLOS One
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.15 Analytiek Citaties: 1 Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  7. #7
    et al. (2026) · Organic Letters
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  8. #8
    et al. (2026) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  9. #9
    et al. (2026) · Chemical Science
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 7.05 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  10. #10
    et al. (2026) · Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Farmacologie Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  11. #11
    et al. (2026) · Food Science & Nutrition
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  12. #12
    et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  13. #13
    et al. (2026) · RSC Advances
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  14. #14
    et al. (2026) · In Silico Pharmacology
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2026) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  15. #15
    R. D. Nimantha Karunathilaka, Athige Rajith Niloshan Silva, Chathuranga Bharathee Ranaweera et al. (2025) · arXiv (2506.13121v1)
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2025) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗
  16. #16
    Xue X, Wang H, Zhai J et al. (2024) · PloS one
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2024) · open access
    SCORE 6.25 Mechanisme Open Access DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  17. #17
    Zhang LJ, Feng WT, Liu JJ (2023) · Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Recent (2023) · overzichtsartikel
    SCORE 4.7 Overzicht DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  18. #18
    Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D et al. (2022) · Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Geselecteerd op basis van een multicriteria-score (citaties + recentheid + onderwerp + historisch + OA).
    SCORE 3.6 Mechanisme DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  19. #19
    Vyskocil A, Leroux T, Truchon G et al. (2008) · Human & experimental toxicology
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Overzichtsartikel
    SCORE 0 Overzicht DOI ↗ PubMed ↗
  20. #20
    Huang CC (2008) · Acta neurologica Taiwanica
    Waarom het belangrijk is: Overzichtsartikel
    SCORE 0 Overzicht PubMed ↗

Waarom deze pagina controleerbaar is

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Wie dit verkoopt en wat die over zichzelf heeft gepubliceerd.

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If the available evidence cannot support a defensible document for your CAS number and product specification, we will not invent the missing values. You receive a documented gap report and choose: a refund, store credit, or the report on its own.

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This covers the checks we performed and named. It does not cover registration status, tonnage, or your role in the supply chain — those are not ours to hold, and a guarantee that pretended otherwise would be worth nothing.

For n-hexane (CAS 110-54-3) the documentation obligation begins before the first shipment. This page sets out what the safety data sheet has to establish.

n-hexane (CAS 110-54-3) at a glance

  • Substance – n-hexane
  • CAS number – 110-54-3
  • EC number – 203-777-6
  • CLP Annex VI index number – 601-037-00-0
  • Hazard statements – H225 (highly flammable liquid and vapour); H361f; H304 (may be fatal if swallowed and enters airways); H336 (may cause drowsiness or dizziness); H372 (nervous system) (causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure); H315 (causes skin irritation)
  • Hazard classes – Flam. Liq. 2, Repr. 2, Asp. Tox. 1, STOT SE 3, STOT RE 1, Skin Irrit. 2
  • Label pictograms – GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09
  • Signal word – Danger
  • Entry current as of – ATP22
  • CMR classification – not classified as CMR in the harmonised entry
  • Documentation issued – safety data sheet in REACH Annex II structure; working draft or signed card
  • What is supplied – a document. MolGod.org does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances.

Protective equipment and exposure controls

Section 8 outlines exposure controls and personal protective equipment (PPE) for n-hexane: appropriate glove materials, eye protection, respiratory protection when warranted by the hazard classification, and any established occupational exposure limits. The choice of glove material is more critical than merely wearing gloves; nitrile gloves are not universally suitable.

First-aid content and why it is read first

The first-aid information for CAS 110-54-3 must be understandable and actionable by someone without a chemistry background when following instructions under time pressure. Section 4 includes additional notes intended for medical professionals, where the classification’s clinical relevance is detailed.

What concentration limits apply to n-hexane?

The harmonised entry for n-hexane carries specific concentration limits: H373: C ≥ 5 %. These override the generic cut-off values, so a mixture containing n-hexane is classified against these figures and not against the default thresholds.

What is the EC number for n-hexane?

Alongside CAS 110-54-3, this substance carries EC number 203-777-6 and Annex VI index 601-037-00-0. European documentation is built around the EC number as often as around the CAS: registration dossiers, the candidate list and customs systems key on it. A safety data sheet quoting only one of the two forces every downstream reader to look up the other.

What is the CLP classification of n-hexane?

The harmonised classification for CAS 110-54-3 carries 7 hazard statements: H225, H361f, H304, H336, H372 (nervous system), H315, H411. In plain terms this means highly flammable liquid and vapour; H361f; may be fatal if swallowed and enters airways; may cause drowsiness or dizziness. A harmonised entry is binding across the Union — an importer may not soften it, and a self-classification that diverges from it will not survive an enforcement check.

Identifiers that must agree

Three identifiers accompany this substance, and all must align: the CAS number 110-54-3, the Annex VI index number 601-037-00-0, and the name as listed in the register. Incongruent identifiers represent the subtlest flaw in a documentation set, as each individual document appears correct until a cross-check reveals they describe distinct entities.

Accidental release and containment

A spill of CAS 110-54-3 is handled from section 6, which has to state the containment material and the protective equipment needed to approach. A sheet that describes cleanup without stating what to wear while doing it is incomplete.

Is n-hexane on the SVHC candidate list?

Yes — n-hexane appears on the candidate list of substances of very high concern. That triggers duties that classification alone does not: notification to ECHA above the tonnage threshold, and an obligation to inform recipients where the substance is present in an article above 0.1 % by weight.

What is the UN number for n-hexane?

For carriage, n-hexane is assigned UN 1208, transport class 3, packing group II. These entries belong in section 14 of the safety data sheet and must match the shipping papers exactly. A consignment where the sheet and the transport document disagree on the UN number is stopped before anyone reads the remaining fifteen sections.

How is n-hexane classified for road, sea and air transport?

Carriers and forwarders handling n-hexane compare section 14 against the shipping papers before loading. Any disagreement stops the consignment at the point where correcting it is most expensive.

Documentation demand on the EU market

CAS 110-54-3 has a recorded presence on the European trading market, which means documentation for it is requested routinely rather than exceptionally. Substances that move in commerce attract repeat scrutiny: the same sheet is read by successive customers, carriers and authorities, and a defect that survives the first reading rarely survives the tenth.

Storage and handling in the document

Section 7 of the documentation for n-hexane outlines handling and storage procedures, including incompatible materials, conditions to be avoided, and any segregation requirements arising from its classification. Laboratories reviewing this section require explicit instructions rather than general warnings; for instance, a statement such as ‘store in a cool dry place’ is insufficient, as it leaves the responsibility of defining specific storage conditions to the personnel.

Which GHS pictograms apply to n-hexane?

The label for n-hexane carries GHS02 (flame), GHS07 (exclamation mark), GHS08 (health hazard), GHS09 (environment), with the signal word Danger. These are not chosen by the supplier: CLP Annex VI states them for CAS 110-54-3, and the precedence rules in Annex I decide which pictogram is dropped when two would say the same thing. A label showing a different set from the register is wrong even if every hazard statement on it is correct.

What must the label for n-hexane contain?

The supply label for n-hexane is generated from the same classification that drives the safety data sheet: pictograms selected by precedence, one signal word derived from the highest hazard class present, and the hazard statements H225, H361f, H304… reproduced in full. Where the container is too small to carry the complete set at a legible size, there are lawful ways to handle it and unlawful ones that look identical to a non-specialist.

What do customs check when importing n-hexane?

When a consignment of n-hexane is stopped at the border, the document examined first is rarely the invoice. It is section 14 of the safety data sheet and its agreement with the transport papers. A missing packing group, an absent UN number or a proper shipping name that contradicts the classification of CAS 110-54-3 will hold the pallet regardless of how complete the remaining fifteen sections are.

Questions about documentation for n-hexane

What is the CAS number of n-hexane?

CAS 110-54-3. In CLP Annex VI the same substance carries index number 601-037-00-0, and both identifiers should appear in the documentation.

What hazard statements apply to CAS 110-54-3?

The harmonised entry lists H225, H361f, H304, H336. These are binding across the Union and may not be softened by a self-classification.

In which language must the sheet be supplied?

In an official language of each Member State where n-hexane is placed on the market, unless that State has stated otherwise.

Can I check whether my existing sheet is still valid?

Yes. A section-by-section reading against Annex II and the current harmonised entry establishes that in one pass, and a sheet that passes is reported as passing.

MolGod.org issues documentation and does not sell, supply or ship chemical substances. CAS 110-54-3 identifies the subject of this document.

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Niets houdt u tegen om een concept naar wie dan ook te sturen. ‘Niet hiervoor geschreven’ betekent precies dat: het draagt geen handtekening en geen velden die op uw bedrijf zijn afgestemd, en beantwoordt dus niet de vragen die de ontvanger zo meteen gaat stellen.

Wat de handtekening betekent

Wie het document opstelt
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📄 Analysecertificaten (CoA) CAS 110-54-3 geen

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📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date) — klik om uit te klappen

Standaarden voor batchbeheer en laboratoriumcertificering — 13 onafhankelijke bronnen (ICH Q1/Q3/Q6/Q7/Q10 + ISO 17025 + WHO TRS + 21 CFR 211 + EMA + USP + Ph.Eur. + PIC/S + IPEC-PQG).

  1. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2000. "Q7 Good Manufacturing Practice Guide for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients." ICH Expert Working Group. [link ↗] — GMP for APIs — adopted by EMA, FDA, MHLW
  2. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories." ISO. [link ↗] — Lab accreditation standard underpinning every CoA
  3. World Health Organization. 2010. "WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Pharmaceutical Products: Main Principles (WHO Technical Report Series No. 957, Annex 3)." WHO Press. [link ↗] — WHO TRS No. 957 — global reference for GMP
  4. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2003. "ICH Q1A(R2): Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products." International Council for Harmonisation. [link ↗] — Source for batch shelf-life and retest dating
  5. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2006. "ICH Q3A(R2): Impurities in New Drug Substances." ICH. [link ↗]
  6. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1999. "ICH Q6A: Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products." ICH. [link ↗] — CoA acceptance-criteria specification standard
  7. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2008. "ICH Q10: Pharmaceutical Quality System." ICH. [link ↗]
  8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. "21 CFR Part 211: Current Good Manufacturing Practice for Finished Pharmaceuticals." US Code of Federal Regulations. [link ↗] — US legal mandate (Subpart J — Records and Reports)
  9. European Medicines Agency. 2014. "Guideline on Process Validation for Finished Products — Information and Data to Be Provided EMA/CHMP/CVMP/QWP/BWP/70278/2012." European Medicines Agency. [link ↗]
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42." USP. [link ↗]
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "European Pharmacopoeia 11th Edition." Council of Europe — EDQM. [link ↗]
  12. Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme (PIC/S). 2021. "Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products PE 009-15." PIC/S Secretariat, Geneva. [link ↗] — Cross-recognized GMP for 54 inspectorates worldwide
  13. International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) and Pharmaceutical Quality Group (PQG). 2017. "Joint IPEC-PQG Good Manufacturing Practices Guide for Pharmaceutical Excipients." IPEC-Americas. [link ↗] — Excipient-grade CoA standard for non-API ingredients
📈 UV-VIS-spectrumvoorspeller (200-400 nm) λmax 200 nm
0%25%50%75%100%200250300350400200 nmA = ε·c·lA / Aₘₐₓ (%)
Verbindingn-Hexane (UV cutoff)
λmax200 nm
λmin—
εmax (M⁻¹·cm⁻¹)—
Oplosmiddel (query)water
Oplosmiddel (referentie)self
Concentratie (M)1e-4
Weglengte (cm)1
FWHM van de curve30 nm

Model: gausscurve gecentreerd op λmax, geschaald volgens de wet van Beer-Lambert A = ε · c · l. Transmissie T = 10^(-A) · 100%.

📚 Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date)
  1. et al.. (2026). "Comparative metabolic profiling, enzyme inhibitory activities, and in-silico analysis of the hexane extract and the hydrodistilled oil of Boswellia serrata.". https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348178 [DOI]
  2. et al.. (2026). "Extraction of Phospholipids From Crude Rapeseed Oil by n-Hexane/Alcohol System: Effects of Solvent Composition on Extraction Performance and Oil Quality.". https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71866 [DOI]
  3. et al.. (2026). "Diastereoselective Cyclopropanation with Secondary Diazoacetamides to Access endo-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-6-carboxamides.". https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6c00392 [DOI]
  4. et al.. (2026). "Comparative chemical and biological study of essential oils and n-hexane extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum (Lamiaceae).". https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-33660-w [DOI]
  5. et al.. (2026). "Antioxidant activities and toxicity of dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts of Annona squamosa L. leaves.". https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_231_25 [DOI]
  6. et al.. (2026). "Hexane extract of Plumbago europaea L. aerial parts: phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra07370g [DOI]
  7. et al.. (2026). "In silico anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory study on GC-MS-based profiling of chloroform and hexane extracts of Erigeron multiradiatus.". https://doi.org/10.1007/s40203-026-00645-0 [DOI]
  8. et al.. (2025). "Confined growth of UiO-66 into ultrahigh-loading membranes for efficient hexane isomer separation.". https://doi.org/10.1039/d5sc04212g [DOI]
  9. et al.. (2025). "High-Pressure Phase Behavior of α-Olefin + n-Hexane + Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymer Systems: Experimental Study and Modeling.". https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18010064 [DOI]
  10. et al.. (2024). "Assessment of CPME as Sustainable Low VOC Alternative to Hexane: Optimization of Extraction Efficiency and Bioactive Compound Yield from Fenugreek Seed Oil Using Computational and Experimental Methods.". https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233899 [DOI]
  11. Aleksandr Denisenko, Pavel Garbuz, Nataliya M. Voloshchuk et al.. (2023). "2-Oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes as saturated bioisosteres of the ortho-substituted phenyl ring". Nature Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01222-0 [DOI]
  12. Christian Cravotto, Anne‐Sylvie Fabiano‐Tixier, Ombéline Claux et al.. (2022). "Towards Substitution of Hexane as Extraction Solvent of Food Products and Ingredients with No Regrets". Foods. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11213412 [DOI]
  13. Api AM, Belsito D, Botelho D et al.. (2022). "RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, n-hexane, CAS Registry Number 110-54-3.". Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.112973 [DOI]
  14. Van‐Dung Mai, Sera Shin, Dai-Soo Lee et al.. (2019). "Thermal Healing, Reshaping and Ecofriendly Recycling of Epoxy Resin Crosslinked with Schiff Base of Vanillin and Hexane-1,6-Diamine". Polymers. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11020293 [DOI]
  15. Songjie Yu, Adam Noble, Robin B. Bedford et al.. (2019). "Methylenespiro[2.3]hexanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with [1.1.1]Propellane". Journal of the American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b10689 [DOI]
  16. Jana Pastvová, Dalibor Kaucký, Jaroslava Morávková et al.. (2017). "Effect of Enhanced Accessibility of Acid Sites in Micromesoporous Mordenite Zeolites on Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane". ACS Catalysis. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01696 [DOI]
  17. Daniel A. Paterson, Min Gao, Young‐Ki Kim et al.. (2016). "Understanding the twist-bend nematic phase: the characterisation of 1-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yloxy)-6-(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl)hexane (CB6OCB) and comparison with CB7CB". Soft Matter. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6sm00537c [DOI]
  18. Hiroki Konno, Takuya Okamura, Takahito Kawahara et al.. (2012). "Kinetics of n-hexane cracking over ZSM-5 zeolites – Effect of crystal size on effectiveness factor and catalyst lifetime". Chemical Engineering Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.157 [DOI]
  19. (2012). "n-Hexane 110-54-3". https://doi.org/10.1002/0471701343.sdp13638.pub2 [DOI]
  20. June Dunnuck. (1991). "NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of of n-Hexane in B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (CAS No. 110-54-3).". PubMed.
  21. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. 2023. NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. [DOI]
  22. Mayerhöfer, Thomas G., Samir Pahlow, and Jürgen Popp. 2020. "The Bouguer-Beer-Lambert Law: Shining Light on the Obscure." ChemPhysChem 21 (18): 2029-2046. [DOI]
  23. Skoog, Douglas A., F. James Holler, and Stanley R. Crouch. 2017. Principles of Instrumental Analysis. 7th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-305-57721-3.
  24. Lindon, John C., George E. Tranter, and David W. Koppenaal, eds. 2017. "Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry." 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-803224-4.
  25. Field, Leslie D., Sev Sternhell, and John R. Kalman. 2013. "Organic Structures from Spectra." 5th ed. Chichester: Wiley. ISBN 978-1-119-96582-6.
  26. Reusch, William. 2013. "Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry: Spectroscopy." East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University.
  27. Lampman, Gary M., Donald L. Pavia, George S. Kriz, and James R. Vyvyan. 2010. "Spectroscopy." 4th ed. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-495-88992-9.
  28. Kalsi, P. S. 2010. "Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds." 6th ed. New Delhi: New Age International. ISBN 978-81-224-2032-9.
  29. Williams, Dudley H., and Ian Fleming. 2008. "Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry." 6th ed. London: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-711559-0.
  30. Sadek, Paul C. 2002. The HPLC Solvent Guide. 2nd ed. Hoboken: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-41242-2.
  31. Banwell, Colin N., and Elaine M. McCash. 1994. "Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy." 4th ed. London: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-707976-1.
  32. Perkampus, Heinz-Helmut. 1992. UV-VIS Spectroscopy and Its Applications. Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77479-9.
  33. Fieser, Louis F. 1949. "Extension of Woodward's Rules for Prediction of Conjugated Diene Absorption." Journal of the American Chemical Society 71 (5): 1854-1857. [DOI]
  34. Woodward, Robert B. 1942. "Structure and the Absorption Spectra of Alpha,Beta-Unsaturated Ketones." Journal of the American Chemical Society 64 (1): 72-75. [DOI]
  35. Beer, August. 1852. "Bestimmung der Absorption des rothen Lichts in farbigen Flüssigkeiten." Annalen der Physik und Chemie 86: 78-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/andp.18521620505.
  36. Lambert, Johann Heinrich. 1760. Photometria. Augsburg: Sumptibus Vidae.

📖 De waarde λmax = 200 nm komt uit een database of de literatuur. Geen onafhankelijke kruiscontrole (NIST / CrossRef / PubChem) — kruisverificatie niet beschikbaar.

REST: /wp-json/molgod/v1/spectra/uv-vis/110-54-3?solvent=water&path_length_cm=1

☣️ Toxiciteit (LD50 / LC50) Niet ingedeeld
LD50
25000 mg/kg[1]
Gatunek / droga
Rat / doustnie
Klasyfikacja
Practically nontoxic[2][3]
Skala GHS (Acute Toxicity, oral, mg/kg bw):
Cat 1 (≤5)
Cat 2 (5–50)
Cat 3 (50–300)
Cat 4 (300–2000)
Cat 5 (2000–5000)

Bron: RTECS MN9275000; Smyth et al. 1962, AIHA J. (1962). CAS 110-54-3.

LD50/LC50-gegevens zijn uitsluitend indicatief; zij vervangen niet het veiligheidsinformatieblad (SDS) noch een deskundige toxicologische beoordeling. GHS-classificatie voor de orale route (mg/kg bw) volgens UN GHS, 10e rev. 2023, Annex 1 §3.1.1.

Bibliografie (Chicago)
  1. NIOSH. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS). Cincinnati: NIOSH.
  2. United Nations. 2023. "Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)." 10th rev. ed. New York: UN.
  3. Hodge, Harold C., and James H. Sterner. 1949. "Tabulation of toxicity classes." American Industrial Hygiene Association Quarterly 10 (4): 93-96.
Verdere bronnen (methodologie, niet rechtstreeks geciteerd):
  • U.S. EPA. 2024. "ChemView." https://chemview.epa.gov/.
  • Lipnick, Robert L., et al. 1995. "Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD50, and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures." Food and Chemical Toxicology 33 (3): 223-231.
  • ATSDR. 2024. "Toxicological Profiles." Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/.
  • Hayes, Wallace, and Claire L. Kruger, eds. 2014. "Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology." 6th ed. CRC Press.
  • Lewis, Richard J. 2012. "Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials." 12th ed. Wiley.
  • IARC. 2024. "Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans." International Agency for Research on Cancer (classification criteria for carcinogenicity: IARC Group 1/2A/2B).
  • Pohanish, Richard P. 2017. "Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens." 7th ed. Elsevier.
  • Bingham, Eula, Barbara Cohrssen, and Charles H. Powell, eds. 2012. "Patty's Toxicology." 6th ed. Wiley.
  • WHO. 2023. "Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard." World Health Organization (zgodne z UN GHS Annex 1 §3.1.1).
📊 Röntgendiffractie (PXRD) Lage kwaliteit 30%

Kristallografische gegevens voor 110-54-3 geverifieerd tegen COD (0 diffractiepieken). De onderstaande 2θ-waarden maken identificatie van de polymorfe vorm mogelijk via PXRD in het laboratorium.

Kristalstelsel Ruimtegroep Eenheidscel (Å) Dichtheid (g/cm³) R
monoclinic P 1 21/c 1 a=5.895 b=7.750 c=20.085 α=90.00° β=91.07° γ=90.00° 1.202 (calculated) 0.1442
Wetenschappelijke referenties (Chicago Author-Date)
  1. International Centre for Diffraction Data. 2024. PDF-4+ 2024. Newtown Square, PA: ICDD. 🔓
  2. Allen, Frank H. 2002. "The Cambridge Structural Database: a quarter of a million crystal structures and rising." Acta Crystallographica B 58 (3): 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108768102003890
  3. Grazulis, Saulius, Adriana Merkys, Antanas Vaitkus, and Daniel Chateigner. 2012. "Computing stoichiometric molecular composition from crystal structures." Journal of Applied Crystallography 45 (6): 1241–1248. https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889812042185 Open Access
  4. Cullity, B. D., and Stuart R. Stock. 2001. Elements of X-Ray Diffraction. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  5. Jenkins, Ron, and Robert L. Snyder. 1996. Introduction to X-Ray Powder Diffractometry. New York: Wiley-Interscience. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118520949
  6. Giacovazzo, Carmelo, Hugo L. Monaco, Giuseppe Artioli, Davide Viterbo, Marco Milanesio, Gastone Gilli, Paola Gilli, Giuseppe Zanotti, Giampiero Ferraris, and Mario Catti. 2011. Fundamentals of Crystallography. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  7. Dinnebier, Robert E., and Simon J. L. Billinge, eds. 2008. Powder Diffraction: Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847558237
  8. United States Pharmacopeia. 2024. "Chapter <941> Characterization of Crystalline and Partially Crystalline Solids by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD)." USP-NF. Rockville, MD: USP. 🔓
FAQ — veelgestelde vragen over PXRD
How are polymorphic forms of a compound distinguished by PXRD?
Different polymorphic forms have different unit cell parameters, and therefore different 2θ peak positions. Just 3–5 characteristic peaks are enough to identify a form unambiguously. For example, aspirin Form I has a strong peak at 15.52°, Form II at 10.36°. The method is used as standard in the pharmaceutical industry (USP <941>, PhEur 2.9.33).
What are the Le Bail and Pawley fits?
Le Bail and Pawley are "profile fitting" methods without a model of the atomic structure — they fit only the lattice parameters and the peak profile. They are used when you want to determine unit cell parameters from PXRD but do not have a full structural model. Le Bail (1988) iterates the intensities; Pawley (1981) minimises globally. Both precede a full Rietveld refinement.
How does SCXRD differ from PXRD?
SCXRD (Single Crystal XRD) uses a single crystal and gives full three-dimensional structural data (atomic coordinates, bond lengths). PXRD uses a powder and gives a diffraction pattern. SCXRD is more accurate, but requires a good crystal. PXRD is faster, cheaper, and is used for phase identification, analysis of mixtures and quality control.
Why is the polymorphic form important for the pharmaceutical industry?
Different polymorphic forms of the same substance can have drastically different solubility, and through that different bioavailability of the drug. The famous case: ritonavir (Abbott, 1998) — Form II appeared during production, was 50% less soluble than Form I, which caused the product to be withdrawn and losses of ~250 million USD. The pharmacopoeias (USP, PhEur) require the polymorphic form to be specified.
Gegevens van PubChemBron: PubChem (NIH) · ChEMBL
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📚 REFERENTIES (Verzamelde bibliografie, Chicago Author-Date) 78 items

Alle wetenschappelijke bronnen die in de accordeons hierboven voor CAS 110-54-3 worden geciteerd.Formaat: Chicago Manual of Style 17e ed., Author-Date-systeem.

🗄️ Wetenschappelijke databanken

  1. NIST. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: CAS 110-54-3. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=110-54-3.
  2. AIST. n.d. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS): CAS 110-54-3. Tsukuba, Japan: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/.
  3. Linstrom, Peter J., and William G. Mallard, eds. n.d. NIST Chemistry WebBook: NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303.
  4. PubChem. n.d. PubChem Compound Summary: CAS 110-54-3. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=110-54-3.

📐 Standaarden / Richtlijnen

  1. ICH. 2003. "Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products: Q1A(R2)." Geneva: International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q1A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). 2024. "NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code." NFPA, Quincy, MA. https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=30.
  3. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2023. "29 CFR 1910.106 — Flammable Liquids." U.S. Department of Labor, Federal Register. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.106.
  4. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). 2024. "Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) — Harmonised Classification and Labelling." ECHA, Helsinki / Official Journal of the European Union. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/clp/clp-classification.
  5. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2016. "EN 374-1:2016 — Protective gloves against dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms — Part 1: Terminology and performance requirements for chemical risks." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=205:110:::::FSP_PROJECT,FSP_ORG_ID:38536,6080&cs=1B0DAA8B85DF42E4A2C70E5D71F0BFA32.
  6. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2001. "EN 166:2001 — Personal eye-protection — Specifications." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:6541&cs=1F1A4E0A78C4DB6A28DBE2E8C29D89DCF.
  7. European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2009. "EN 14605:2005+A1:2009 — Protective clothing against liquid chemicals — Performance requirements for clothing with liquid-tight (Type 3) or spray-tight (Type 4) connections." CEN, Brussels. https://standards.cencenelec.eu/dyn/www/f?p=CEN:110:0::::FSP_PROJECT:21581&cs=1A04A2D3C7CC58E9E6CB58D55F7EBFB7E.
  8. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 2017. "Recommendations for Chemical Protective Clothing: A Companion to the NIOSH Pocket Guide." U.S. Department of Health & Human Services / CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ncpc/default.html.
  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 2011. "Personal Protective Equipment — General requirements." U.S. Department of Labor — 29 CFR 1910.132. https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.132.

📖 Boeken

  1. Hansen, Charles M. 2007. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/Hansen-Solubility-Parameters-A-Users-Handbook/Hansen/p/book/9780849372483.
  2. Barton, Allan F. M. 1991. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters: 2nd ed.. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://www.routledge.com/CRC-Handbook-of-Solubility-Parameters-and-Other-Cohesion-Parameters/Barton/p/book/9780849301766.
  3. Connors, Kenneth A., Gordon L. Amidon, and Valentino J. Stella. 1986. Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Pharmacists, 2nd ed.. New York: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471734683.
  4. Rumble, John R., ed. 2019. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 100th Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. https://hbcp.chemnetbase.com/.
  5. Urben, Peter G. 2017. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 8th Edition. Academic Press / Elsevier, Oxford. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780081010594.

📄 Wetenschappelijke artikelen (peer-reviewed)

  1. Stefanis, Emmanuel, and Costas Panayiotou. 2008. "Prediction of Hansen Solubility Parameters with a New Group-Contribution Method." International Journal of Thermophysics 29: 568-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0415-z.
  2. Stoll, Vincent S., and John S. Blanchard. 1990. "Buffers: Principles and Practice: In Methods in Enzymology, vol. 182." San Diego: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)82008-P.

🌐 Websites

  1. ECHA. 2023. "Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/guidance-documents/guidance-on-clp.
  2. European Parliament. 2006. "Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (REACH)." Official Journal of the European Union L 396: 1–849.
  3. ECHA. 2023. "Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for Authorisation." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table.
  4. European Parliament. 2008. "Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP)." Official Journal of the European Union L 353: 1–1355.
  5. ECHA. 2017. "Guidance on the Compilation of Safety Data Sheets." Version 3.1. European Chemicals Agency. ECHA-17-G-01-EN. https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/23047722/sds_en.pdf.
  6. ECHA. 2022. "Restrictions Under REACH — Annex XVII." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/substances-restricted-under-reach.
  7. United Nations. 2021. Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). 9th revised ed. ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.9. New York and Geneva: United Nations. https://unece.org/ghs-rev9-2021.
  8. ECHA. 2020. "Understanding REACH." European Chemicals Agency. https://echa.europa.eu/regulations/reach/understanding-reach.
  9. ECHA — Bijlage VI bij CLP (geharmoniseerde indeling, ATP 23; 2026-07-07) https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/annex-vi-to-clp.
  10. United States Pharmacopeial Convention. 2024. "USP <621> Chromatography." In United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, USP 47-NF 42. Rockville, MD: USP. https://www.uspnf.com/.
  11. European Pharmacopoeia Commission. 2024. "2.2.46 Chromatographic Separation Techniques." In European Pharmacopoeia, 11th ed. Strasbourg: Council of Europe — EDQM. https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-ph-eur-11th-edition.
  12. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 2022. "ICH Q2(R2): Validation of Analytical Procedures." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/ICH_Q2%28R2%29_Guideline_2022_1130.pdf.
  13. International Council for Harmonisation (ICH). 1996. "ICH Q3A: Impurities in New Drug Substances." International Council for Harmonisation. https://database.ich.org/sites/default/files/Q3A%28R2%29%20Guideline.pdf.
  14. International Organization for Standardization. 2017. "ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/66912.html.
  15. Kolthoff, Izaak Maurits, and Philip J. Elving, eds. 1978. Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, Part I: Theory and Practice. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Interscience.
  16. Skoog, Douglas A., F. James Holler, and Stanley R. Crouch. 2018. Principles of Instrumental Analysis. 7th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
  17. Christian, Gary D., Purnendu K. Dasgupta, and Kevin A. Schug. 2014. Analytical Chemistry. 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
  18. EURACHEM/CITAC. 2012. "Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement." 3rd ed. EURACHEM/CITAC Guide CG 4. https://www.eurachem.org/images/stories/Guides/pdf/QUAM2012_P1.pdf.
  19. International Organization for Standardization. 1994. "ISO 5725-2:1994 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method." Geneva: ISO. https://www.iso.org/standard/11834.html.
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Model
Hexane · 110-54-3
InChIKey
VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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CC BY-SA 4.0 International
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Hexane →
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PubChem CID 8058 ↗
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STL gegenereerd door MolGod · MolGod STL Exporter build 97d4498f28a7 · gegenereerd op 2026-10-04
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4a2069f17fd3d3fa3480cb8bade351637930d52f548dd71ade551756198f1a0b
MD5 (STL)
5c30b46f74014a6be16457410e448a16
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MG_192-324-601-46
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MolGod Scientific bal-en-staafmodel
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